



                "   (TURBO-C 2.0)"



                      ⠭ ⨯ 

                           TURBO-C Ver 2.0



                        ॢ  ᪮

                              . 誮







⮢-/ 1989.


     1. । ⨯                                               1
         1.1. far                                                       1
         1.2. size_t                                                    1
         1.3. void                                                      1
         1.4. jmp_buf                                                   2
         1.5. const                                                     2
         1.6. interrupt                                                 3
         1.7. ptrdiff_t                                                 3
         1.8. dosSearchInfo                                             3
         1.9. huge                                                      3
         1.10. FILE                                                     4
         1.11. fpos_t                                                   4
         1.12. atexit_t                                                 4
         1.13. div_t                                                    4
         1.14. ldiv_t                                                   5
         1.15. time_t                                                   5
         1.16. clock_t                                                  5
    2.                                                         5
         2.1. text_info                                                 5
         2.2. ffblk                                                     6
         2.3. country                                                   6
         2.4. time                                                      7
         2.5. ftime                                                     7
         2.6. date                                                      7
         2.7. dfree                                                     8
         2.8. fcb                                                       8
         2.9. fatinfo                                                   8
         2.10. BYTEREGS, WORDREGS                                       9
         2.11. REGPACK                                                  9
         2.12. SREGS                                                    9
         2.13. devhdr                                                  10
         2.14. xfcb                                                    10
         2.15. arccoordstype                                           10
         2.17. palettetype                                             11
         2.18. fillsettingstype                                        11
         2.19. linesettingstype                                        11
         2.20. textsettingstype                                        12
         2.21. viewporttype                                            12

         2.22. pointtype                                               13
         2.23. complex                                                 13
         2.24. exception                                               13
         2.25. stat                                                    14
         2.26. timeb                                                   14
         2.27. tm                                                      14
    3. ꥤ                                                     15
         3.1. REGS                                                     15
    4. 塞 ⨯                                              15
         4.1. COLORS                                                   15
         4.2. BLINK                                                    15
         4.3. text_modes                                               15
         4.4. graphics_drivers                                         16
         4.5. graphics_modes                                           16
         4.6. fill_patterns                                            17
         4.7. color                                                    17
         4.8. line_styles                                              18
         4.9. line_widths                                              18
         4.10. font_names                                              18
         4.11. text_just                                               18
         4.12. graphics_error                                          18
         4.13. putimage_ops                                            19
         4.14. _mexcep                                                 19
    5. ६                                                      19
         5.1. int directvideo                                          19
         5.2. int _8087                                                20
         5.3. int _argc                                                20
         5.4. char **_argv                                             20
         5.5. char **environ                                           20
         5.6. unsigned _heaplen                                        20
         5.7. _osmajor, _osminor, _version                             21
         5.8. unsigned _psp                                            21
         5.9. _stklen                                                  21
         5.10. int _fmode                                              21
         5.11. char *sys_errlist[]                                     22
         5.12. int sys_nerr                                            22
         5.13. int daylight                                            22
         5.14. long timezone                                           22

    6. ।                                                     22
         6.1. NULL                                                     22
         6.2. NFDS                                                     22
         6.3. ਡ 䠩 MS-DOS (attrib)                           23
         6.4. CW_DEFAULT                                               23
         6.5. MAXCOLORS                                                23
         6.6. HORIZ_DIR, VERT_DIR                                      23
         6.7. EGA_colors                                               23
         6.8.  㯠 (amode)                                   24
         6.9. EOF                                                      24
         6.10. fromwhere                                               24
         6.11. shflag                                                  24
         6.12. HANDLE_MAX                                              25
         6.13. HUGE_VAL                                                25
         6.14. mode                                                    25
         6.15. sig                                                     25
         6.16. ࠡ稪 ᨣ                                    26
         6.17. flags                                                   26
         6.18. ⮪                                                  26
         6.19. BUFSIZ                                                  27
         6.20.  ਧ樨 (type)                                  27
         6.21. L_ctermid                                               27
         6.22. L_tmpnam                                                27
         6.23. ᨬ쭮 ᫮ 䠩                               27
         6.24. RAND_MAX                                                27
         6.25. ᫮ 室                                          27
         6.26. CLK_TCK                                                 28

                      ⠭ ⨯  TURBO-C.

                             1. । ⨯

                                   1.1. far

        <⨯> far <। 㪠⥫>
                  
        <⨯> far <। 㭪樨>
        ࢠ  far । 㪠⥫  2 ᫮  
    樨 1 .   ८ࠧ⥫ ⨯  筮  ᯮ
     樨   tiny  small,     compact  ᮧ-
     㪠⥫   far.
        ਬ: char far *s;
                 void *far *p;
         far  ᯮ   । 㭪樨,  TURBO-C ᮧ
     㭪樨  far 맮  far .
        ਬ: int far my_func() {}

                                 1.2. size_t

        , ᯮ㥬  ࠭ ꥬ ,   ꥪ⮬
      稪.
        ।  ALLOC.H, MEM.H, STDDEF.H, STDIO.H, STDLIB.H, STRING.H

                                  1.3. void

        । ⨯ 
         । ⨯ 㭪樨 砥,  㭪  頥 -
     祭.
        void hello(char *name)
          { printf("Hello, %s.",name); }
         । 㬥⮢ 砥,  㭪  ॡ ࠬ-
    ஢.
        int init(void)
          { return(1);}
          㪠⥫ ⨯ void.   㪠⥫  ࠧ-
    稬   筮  ।  ⨯,   ..       
    । ࠧ ꥪ,   㪠뢠 㪠⥫.

                                    - 2 -
        ਬ:
        int x;
        float r;
        void *p=&x; /* p 㪠뢠  x */
        main()
          {
          *(int *) p=2;
          p=&r;     /* p 㪠뢠  r */
          *(float *) p=1.1;
          }

                                 1.4. jmp_buf

         ⨯ jmp_buf ᯮ   ࠭    ⠭
    ﭨ ࠡ祩 ணࠬ.
        typedef struct
          {
          unsigned j_sp,   j_ss;
          unsigned j_flag, j_cs;
          unsigned j_ip,   j_bp;
          unsigned j_di,   j_es;
          unsigned j_si,   j_ds;
          } jmp_buf[1];
        ।  SETJMP.H

                                  1.5. const

        const < ६> [ = <祭>];
                   
        const < 㭪樨> (const <⨯> *< ६> );
        ࢠ   䨪  const   ᢮ ६
    砫쭮 祭,  ஥  쭥襬    .
    ਬ:
        const my_age=29;
         ᢮ my_age ਢ  訡 .
        : ६ const    ᢥ १ 㪠-
    ⥫:

                                    - 3 -
        *(int *)&my_age=35;
        ᫨ 䨪  const  ਬ   㪠⥫  ᯨ᪥ ࠬ஢
    㭪樨,  㭪    ६    㪠뢠
     㪠⥫. ਬ:
        int printf(const char *format, ...);
         㭪 printf 饭   ப ଠ.

                                1.6. interrupt

        interrupt <। 㭪樨>;
        । 㭪  ࠡ稪 뢠
        ࠭   ॣ  CPU  㭪 蠥  樥
    IRET.  ᯮ짮 뢠, 樨 Stack warning  Use register
    variables   몫祭.

                                1.7. ptrdiff_t

        Pointer difference data type
        ।  ALLOC.H, MEM.H, STDDEF.H

                              1.8. dosSearchInfo

        typedef struct
          {
          char   drive;
          char   pattern [13];
          char   reserved [7];
          char   attrib;
          short  time;
          short  date;
          long   size;
          char   nameZ [13];
          } dosSearchInfo;
          ।  DOS.H

                                  1.9. huge


                                    - 4 -
        <⨯> huge <। 㪠⥫>
        ८ࠧ⥫ huge  ८ࠧ⥫  far    ᪫祭
     ⥫ ⫨稩.  ६ 䬥᪨ ⢨  㪠-
    ⥫ﬨ  ᥣ ନ ⠪,   ࠢ 㪠⥫ 믮-
     筮. , 㪠⥫ huge  騢  訡, -
    饩 - 室  । ᥣ.

                                  1.10. FILE

         ࠢ 䠩  ⮪
        typedef struct
          {
          short          level;
          unsigned       flags;
          char           fd;
          unsigned char  hold;
          short          bsize;
          unsigned char  *buffer, *curp;
          unsigned       istemp;
          short          token;
        } FILE;
        ।  STDIO.H

                                 1.11. fpos_t

         㪠⥫  䠩
        ।  STDIO.H

                                1.12. atexit_t

         㭪樨 室, ।  㭪 atexit
        typedef void (* atexit_t)(void);
        ।  STDLIB.H

                                 1.13. div_t

        , 頥  楫 

                                    - 5 -
        typedef struct
          {
          int quot, rem;
          } div_t;
        ।  STDLIB.H

                                 1.14. ldiv_t

        , 頥   楫 ⨯ long
        typedef struct
          {
          long quot, rem;
          } ldiv_t;
        ।  STDLIB.H

                                 1.15. time_t

         ६,   ।騩  祭,  ᯮ㥬  㭪
    ६
        ।  TIME.H

                                1.16. clock_t

         ⨯ ,  頥 㭪樥 clock,  ᮤন 襤襥
    ६, ७  ⠪.
        ।  TIME.H

                                 2. 

                                2.1. text_info

        ଠ  ⥪饬 ⥪⮢ .
        struct text_info
          {
          unsigned char winleft,   wintop;
          unsigned char winright,  winbottom;
          unsigned char attribute, normattr;

                                    - 6 -
          unsigned char currmode;
          unsigned char screenheight;
          unsigned char screenwidth;
          unsigned char curx, cury;
          };
        ।  CONIO.H

                                  2.2. ffblk

        ࠢ騩  DOS 䠩.
        struct ffblk
          {
          char     ff_reserved[21];
          char     ff_attrib;
          unsigned ff_ftime;
          unsigned ff_fdate;
          long     ff_fsize;
          char     ff_name[13];
          };
        ।  DIR.H

                                 2.3. country

         country ।,   ࠧ ଠ஢ ,
    ᮣ᭮ ࠤ ⭮ ࠭.  浪 ᫥ : ଠ
    , ࠧ⥫  ,   ࠧ⥫,  ࠧ⥫  ,
    ࠧ⥫ ६, ⨯ , 騥   , 㭪 case
    map, ࠧ⥫ .
        struct country
          {
          int  co_date;
          char co_curr[5], co_thsep[2], co_desep[2];
          char co_dtsep[2], co_tmsep[2], co_currstyle;
          char co_digits, co_time;
          long co_case;
          char co_dasep[2], co_fill[10];
          };

                                    - 7 -
        ।  DOS.H

                                  2.4. time

        ६, ᯮ㥬  㭪ﬨ:   settime,   gettime,   dostounix,
    unixtodos.
        struct time
          {
          unsigned char ti_min
          unsigned char ti_hour
          unsigned char ti_hund
          unsigned char ti_sec
          };
        ।  DOS.H

                                  2.5. ftime

          ६  䠩.
        struct ftime
          {
          unsigned ft_tsec  : 5;
          unsigned ft_min   : 6;
          unsigned ft_hour  : 5;
          unsigned ft_day   : 5;
          unsigned ft_month : 4;
          unsigned ft_year  : 7;
          };
        ।  IO.H

                                  2.6. date

        , ᯮ㥬  㭪ﬨ:   setdate,   getdate,    dostounix,
    unixtodos.
        struct date
          {
          int  da_year;
          char da_day;

                                    - 8 -
          char da_mon;
          };
        ।  DOS.H

                                  2.7. dfree

        , 頥 㭪樥 getdfree.
        struct dfree
          {
          unsigned df_avail; /* 㯭  */
          unsigned df_total; /* 饥 ᫮ ஢ */
          unsigned df_bsec;  /* ᫮   ᥪ */
          unsigned df_sclus; /* ᫮ ᥪ஢   */
          };
        ।  DOS.H

                                   2.8. fcb

         ࠢ  䠩 MS-DOS
        struct fcb
          {
          char  fcb_drive;
          char  fcb_name[8], fcb_ext[3];
          short fcb_curblk, fcb_recsize;
          long  fcb_filsize;
          short fcd_date;
          char  fcb_resv[10], fcb_currec;
          long  fcb_random;
          };
        ।  DOS.H

                                 2.9. fatinfo

        ଠ ᨬ 㭪ﬨ getfat  getfatd.
        struct fatinfo
          {
          char fi_sclus; /* ᫮ ᥪ஢   */

                                    - 9 -
          char fi_fatid; /*  䨪 FAT   */
          int  fi_nclus; /* ᫮ ஢           */
          int  fi_bysec; /* ᫮   ᥪ      */
          };
        ।  DOS.H

                           2.10. BYTEREGS, WORDREGS

          ࠭ ᮤন ॣ஢     ᫮
        struct BYTEREGS
          {
          unsigned char al, ah, bl, bh;
          unsigned char cl, ch, dl, dh;
          };
        struct WORDREGS
          {
          unsigned int ax, bx, cx, dx;
          unsigned int si, di, cflag, flags;
          };
        ।  DOS.H

                                2.11. REGPACK

         祭, ।   頥  맮 㭪-
    樨 intr
        struct REGPACK
          {
          unsigned r_ax, r_bx, r_cx, r_dx;
          unsigned r_bp, r_si, r_di;
          unsigned r_ds, r_es, r_flags;
          };
        ।  DOS.H
        . ⠪ ꥤ REGS

                                 2.12. SREGS

         ॣ஢  ᥣ⮢,  塞   㭪ﬨ   int86x,

                                    - 10 -
    intdosx, segread
        struct SREGS
          {
          unsigned int es;
          unsigned int cs;
          unsigned int ss;
          unsigned int ds;
          };
        ।  DOS.H

                                 2.13. devhdr

           ࠩ஢ ன MS-DOS
        struct devhdr
          {
          long            dh_next;
          short           dh_attr;
          unsigned short  dh_strat;
          unsigned short  dh_inter;
          char            dh_name[8];
          };
        ।  DOS.H

                                  2.14. xfcb

         ७  ࠢ 䠩 MS-DOS
        struct xfcb
          {
          char         xfcb_flag;
          char         xfcb_resv[5];
          char         xfcb_attr;
          struct  fcb  xfcb_fcb;
          };
        ।  DOS.H

                             2.15. arccoordstype


                                    - 11 -
        ᯮ   ⥪ ⠭  getarccoords
        struct arccoordstype
          {
          int  x, y;           /* 業ࠫ쭠 窠 */
          int  xstart, ystart; /* ⮢  */
          int  xend, yend;     /* 筠   */
          };
        ।  GRAPHICS.H

                              2.17. palettetype

        ন ଠ      ⥪饣 ᪮ ࠩ
     맮 㭪権 getpalette, setpalette, setallpalette.
        struct palettetype
          {
          unsigned char  size;
          signed   char  colors[MAXCOLORS+1];
          };
        ।  GRAPHICS.H

                            2.18. fillsettingstype

        ᯮ   ⥪ ⠭  客  㭪樨
    getfillsettings
        struct fillsettingstype
          {
          int  pattern;
          int  color;
          };
        ।  GRAPHICS.H

                            2.19. linesettingstype

        ᯮ 㭪ﬨ getlinesettings  setlinestyle  ன-
     ᯮᮡ ᮢ .
        struct linesettingstype
          {

                                    - 12 -
          int       linestyle;
          unsigned  upattern;
          int       thickness;
          };
        upattern - 㧮,  । 짮⥫, ᯮ騩, ᫨
    linestyle ⠭  USERBIT_LINE
        ।  GRAPHICS.H

                            2.20. textsettingstype

        ᯮ   ⥪ ⠭ ⥪  gettextsettings
        struct textsettingstype
          {
          int  font;
          int  direction;
          int  charsize;
          int  horiz;
          int  vert;
          };
        charsize - ࠧ ᨬ 䨪.  祭 । ࠧ
    ⮢  ⭮襭   8x8:
        1 - ࠧ 8x8
        2 - ࠧ 16x16
       ...
       10 - ࠧ 80x80
       USER_CHAR_SIZE  ࠧ ᨬ, । 짮⥫
        . ⠪ gettextsettings, setusercharsize, settextstyle,
                  textsettingstype
        ।  GRAPHICS.H

                              2.21. viewporttype

        ᯮ   ⥪ ⠭    ࠡ祣    
    getviewsettings
        struct viewporttype
          {
          int  left;

                                    - 13 -
          int  top;
          int  right;
          int  bottom;
          int  clip;
          };
        ।  GRAPHICS.H

                               2.22. pointtype

        न 窨
        struct pointtype
          {
          int  x ;
          int  y ;
          };
        ।  GRAPHICS.H

                                2.23. complex

        ।⠢ ᭮ ᫠
        struct complex
          {
          double  x, y;
          };
        ।  MATH.H

                               2.24. exception

        ଠ ଠ樨  訡  ⥬᪨ 㭪権
        struct exception
          {
          int     type;
          char   *name;
          double  arg1, arg2, retval;
          };
        ।  MATH.H


                                    - 14 -
                                  2.25. stat

        ଠ  䠩  ⠫
        struct stat
          {
          short  st_dev,   st_ino;
          short  st_mode,  st_nlink;
          int    st_uid,   st_gid;
          short  st_rdev;
          long   st_size,  st_atime;
          long   st_mtime, st_ctime;
          };
        ।  STAT.H

                                 2.26. timeb

         ଠ  ६, 塞 㭪樥 ftime
        struct timeb
          {
          long time;      /* ᥪ㭤  1/1/1970  ਭ */
          short millitm;  /* ஡  ᥪ㭤 ( ᥪ㭤) */
          short timezone; /* ࠧ    ਭ᪨ */
                          /* ६ */
          short dstflag;  /* 0 ᫨ ६ ࠭   */
          };
        ।  TIMEB.H

                                   2.27. tm

         童 ६
        struct tm
          {
          int  tm_sec,  tm_min,  tm_hour;
          int  tm_mday, tm_mon,  tm_year;
          int  tm_wday, tm_yday;
          int  tm_isdst;
          };

                                    - 15 -
        ।  TIME.B


                                3. ꥤ

                                  3.1. REGS

        ꥤ REGS ।  ଠ        㭪権:   int86,
    int86x, intdos, intdosx
        union REGS
          {
          struct WORDREGS x;
          struct BYTEREGS h;
          };
        ।  DOS.H
        . ⠪  REGPACK

                            4. 塞 ⨯

                                 4.1. COLORS

        /ਡ ⠭ CGA
        BLACK, BLUE,  GREEN,  CYAN,  RED,   MAGENTA,   BROWN,   LIGHTGRAY,
    DARKGRAY, LIGHTBLUE,   LIGHTGREEN,  LIGHTCYAN, LIGHTRED, LIGHTMAGENTA,
    YELLOW, WHITE
        ।  CONIO.H, GRAPHICS.H

                                  4.2. BLINK

          梥 । 䮭  栭 ᨬ  ⥪-
     ०

                               4.3. text_modes

        ⠭  ०
        LASTMODE, BW40, C40, BW80, C80, MONO
        ।  conio.h

                                    - 16 -

                            4.4. graphics_drivers

        ᪨ ࠩ BGI
        CGA                   MCGA
        EGA                   EGA64
        EGAMONO               IBM8514
        HERCMONO              ATT400
        VGA                   PC3270
        DETECT (ॡ ⮮)
        ।  GRAPHICS.H
        . ⠪ graph_modes, initgraph

                              4.5. graphics_modes

        ᪨ ०   ࠩ BGI
        CGAC0         320x200  0
        CGAC1         320x200  1
        CGAC2         320x200  2
        CGAC3         320x200  3
        CGAHI         640x200
        MCGAC0        320x200  0
        MCGAC1        320x200  1
        MCGAC2        320x200  2
        MCGAC3        320x200  3
        MCGAMED       640x200
        MCGAHI        640x480
        EGALO         640x200 16 梥⮢
        EGAHI         640x350 16 梥⮢
        EGA64LO       640x200 16 梥⮢
        EGA64HI       640x350  4 梥
        EGAMONOHI     640x350
        HERCMONOHI    720x348
        ATT400C0      320x200  0
        ATT400C1      320x200  1
        ATT400C2      320x200  2
        ATT400C3      320x200  3

                                    - 17 -
        ATT400MED     640x200
        ATT400HI      640x400
        VGALO         640x200
        VGAMED        640x350
        VGAHI         640x480
        PC3270HI      720x350
        IBM8514LO     640x480 256 梥⮢
        IBM8514HI     1024x768 256 梥⮢
        ।  GRAPHICS.H
        . ⠪ graphics_drivers, initgraph, detectgraph

                              4.6. fill_patterns

         客  㭪権 getfillsettings, setfillstyle
        EMPTY_FILL        ᯮ 梥 䮭
        SOLID_FILL        ᯮ ⢥ 梥 客
        LINE_FILL         ---
        LTSLASH_FILL      ///
        SLASH_FILL        /// ⮫묨 ﬨ
        BKSLASH_FILL      \\\ ⮫묨 ﬨ
        LTBKSLASH_FILL    \\\
        HATCH_FILL          騭
        XHATCH_FILL        殮 ᥪ騥 騭
        INTERLEAVE_FILL    ९ 
        WIDE_DOT_FILL      ப ᯮ 窨
        CLOSE_DOT_FILL      ᯮ 窨
        USER_FILL          客, । 짮⥫
        ।  GRAPHICS.H

                                  4.7. color

          setpalette  setallpalette
        EGA_BLACK, EGA_BLUE,  EGA_GREEN,  EGA_CYAN,  EGA_RED, EGA_MAGENTA,
    EGA_BROWN, EGA_LIGHTGRAY, EGA_DARKGRAY, EGA_LIGHTBLUE, EGA_LIGHTGREEN,
    EGA_LIGHTCYAN, EGA_LIGHTRED, EGA_LIGHTMAGENTA, EGA_YELLOW, EGA_WHITE
        ।  GRAPHICS.H
        . ⠪ CGA colors

                                    - 18 -

                               4.8. line_styles

           getlinesettings, setlinestyle
        SOLID_LINE
        DOTTED_LINE
        CENTER_LINE
        DASHED_LINE
        USERBIT_LINE  ⨯ , । 짮⥫
        ।  GRAPHICS.H
        . ⠪ line_widths

                               4.9. line_widths

        ਭ   getlinesettings, setlinestyle
        NORM_WIDTH, THICK_WIDTH
        ।  GRAPHICS.H
        . ⠪ line_style

                               4.10. font_names

         ⮢ BGI
        DEFAULT_FONT    8x8 祪 ஢ 
        TRIPLEX_FONT    "" 
        SMALL_FONT
        SANS_SERIF_FONT
        GOTHIC_FONT
        ।  GRAPHICS.H
        . ⠪ settextstyle

                               4.11. text_just

        ਧ⠫쭮  ⨪쭮 ࠢ  settextjustify
        LEFT_TEXT, CENTER_TEXT, RIGHT_TEXT, BOTTOM_TEXT, TOP_TEXT
        ।  GRAPHICS.H

                             4.12. graphics_error

                                    - 19 -

         訡, 頥 㭪樥 graphresult
        grOk                  grNoInitGraph
        grNotDetected         grFileNotFound
        grInvalidDriver       grNoLoadMem
        grNoScanMem           grNoFloodMem
        grFontNotFound        grNoFontMem
        grInvalidMode         grError
        grIOerror             grInvalidFont
        grInvalidFontNum      grInvalidDeviceNum
        ।  GRAPHICS.H

                              4.13. putimage_ops

        樨  㭪樨 putimage
        COPY_PUT     ஢
        XOR_PUT      ᪫饥 
        OR_PUT       
        AND_PUT      
        NOT_PUT      ஢  ᨥ
        ।  GRAPHICS.H

                                4.14. _mexcep

        ।⠢  ⥬᪨ 訡
        DOMAIN       訡   㬥
        SING          ⨯ 㬥
        OVERFLOW     訡 ९
        UNDERFLOW    室   ࠭
        TLOSS          稬
        PLOSS        筠  稬
        ।  MATH.H

                                5. ६

                             5.1. int directvideo


                                    - 20 -
           ⠭  ணࠬ 짮⥫  । 室
    ⥭   - אַ  ன⢮  १ ⥬ 㭪樨 BIOS.
    祭  㬮砭 1; אַ  ன⢮.
        ।  conio.h

                                5.2. int _8087

         ᮯ
        ᫨ ணࠬ  饭  設  ⥬᪨ ᮯ஬,
    _8087, ࠢ 0.
        ।  DOS.H

                                5.3. int _argc

        稪 㬥⮢  ப
        ।  DOS.H
        . ⠪ _argv

                              5.4. char **_argv

        ᨢ 㬥⮢  ப
        ।  DOS.H
        . ⠪ _argc


                             5.5. char **environ

        ᨢ ப,  ᯮ㥬  㯠   㦥 -
    .
        ।  DOS.H, STDLIB.H
        . ⠪ getenv, putenv

                            5.6. unsigned _heaplen

        砫 ࠧ   
         砫 믮 ணࠬ _heaplen ।  ࠧ  ,
     㤥 .  祭 0,  㬮砭, । ᨬ-

                                    - 21 -
     ࠧ.
        _heaplen  ᯮ   large
        ।  DOS.H
        . ⠪ _stklen

                      5.7. _osmajor, _osminor, _version

         MS-DOS,  ࠢ ன ࠡ⠥ ணࠬ
        unsigned char _osmajor   訩  ᨨ
        unsigned char _osminor   訩  ᨨ
        unsigned int  _version     ᨨ
        ।  DOS.H, STDLIB.H

                              5.8. unsigned _psp

        ஢  䨪 ணࠬ ᥣ ணࠬ
        ।  DOS.H, PROCESS.H, STDLIB.H

                                 5.9. _stklen

         ⥪
        extern unsigned _stklen;
        뢠  ⥪. 祭  㬮砭 4K
        ᯮ  맮 main().  ⮣ ⮡  ࠧ -
    ,    _stklen  襬 室 䠩    
    ६. (  ᭠㦨  㭪権.)  ਬ,   -
     ࠧ ⥪ 20000 , ᯮ ᫥饥 :
        unsigned _stklen=20000;
          DOS.H
        . ⠪ _heaplen

                               5.10. int _fmode

        ᮡ ࠡ⪨ 䠩.   㬮砭 ⠭  O_TEXT. 
     ९    ⥬ 맮 ⮣ 䠩  । ண-
    ࠬ  O_TEXT,  O_BINARY.
        ।  FCNTL.H, STDLIB.H

                                    - 22 -
        . ⠪ fopen

                          5.11. char *sys_errlist[]

        ᨢ ப-ᮮ饭, ᮮ⢥ errno  ᯮ㥬 㭪-
    樥 perror.
        ।  STDLIB.H
        . ⠪ errno, _doserrno, sys_nerr

                              5.12. int sys_nerr

         ६ ᮤন ⢮ ப-ᮮ饭   訡  
    sys_errlist
        ।  STDLIB.H

                              5.13. int daylight

        ᯮ 㭪ﬨ,  騬  ⮩  ६.  ࠢ
    0     ६.
        ।  TIME.H

                             5.14. long timezone

          ᥪ㭤  ਭ᪨   ६
        ।  TIME.H

                                6. ।

                                  6.1. NULL

        祭 ⮣ 㪠⥫
        ।  ALLOC.H, MEM.H, STDDEF.H, STDIO.H, STDLIB.H

                                  6.2. NFDS

        ᨬ쭮 ᫮ ⥫ 䠩
        ।  DOS.H

                                    - 23 -

                     6.3. ਡ 䠩 MS-DOS (attrib)

        FA_RDONLY     쪮 ⥭
        FA_HIDDEN      䠩
        FA_SYSTEM     ⥬ 䠩
        FA_LABEL      ⪠ ⮬
        FA_DIREC      ⠫
        FA_ARCH       娢
        ।  DOS.H

                               6.4. CW_DEFAULT

        ࠢ饥 ᫮  㬮砭  ᮯ 8087/80287
        ।  FLOAT.H

                                6.5. MAXCOLORS

        । ᨬ쭮 ⢮ 梥⮢    ᨢ  colors  
     palettetype
        ।  GRAPHICS.H

                           6.6. HORIZ_DIR, VERT_DIR

        ࠢ ᪮ 뢮
        HORIZ_DIR   ᫥ ࠢ
        VERT_DIR    ᭨ 
        ।  GRAPHICS.H
        . ⠪ settextstyle, setusercharsize, gettextsettings

                               6.7. EGA_colors

          㭪権 setpalette  setallpalette
        EGA_BLACK, EGA_BLUE, EGA_GREEN, EGA_CYAN,
        EGA_RED, EGA_MAGENTA, EGA_BROWN,
        EGA_LIGHTGRAY, EGA_DARKGRAY,
        EGA_LIGHTBLUE, EGA_LIGHTGREEN,

                                    - 24 -
        EGA_LIGHTCYAN, EGA_LIGHTRED,
        EGA_LIGHTMAGENTA, EGA_YELLOW, EGA_WHITE
        ।  GRAPHICS.H
        . ⠪  CGA colors

                         6.8.  㯠 (amode)

        ।, ᯮ㥬  ⠭  䠩   -
      ⠫
        S_IFMT    ᪠ 䠩 ⨯
        S_IFDIR   ⠫
        S_IFIFO   ᮡ FIFO
        S_IFCHR   ᮡ ᨬ
        S_IFBLK   ᮡ 
        S_IFREG   ॣ 䠩
        S_IREAD   짮⥫  
        S_IWRITE  짮⥫  
        S_IEXEC   짮⥫  ᯮ
        ।  STAT.H

                                   6.9. EOF

        ⠭, ,   ⨣  䠩
        ।  STDIO.H

                               6.10. fromwhere

        ⠭ ⮢  ᪠  䠩
        SEEK_SET       砫 䠩
        SEEK_CUR       ⥪饩 樨
        SEEK_END        䠩
        ।  IO.H, STDIO.H

                                6.11. shflag

         ᮢ⭮ ᯮ짮 䠩  sopen
        SH_COMPAT      ᮢ⨬

                                    - 25 -
        SH_DENYRW     頥   ⥭  
        SH_DENYWR     頥   
        SH_DENYRD     頥   ⥭
        SH_DENYNONE   蠥   
        SH_DENYNO     ⮦   ।饥 ( ᮢ⨬)
        ।  SHARE.H

                               6.12. HANDLE_MAX

        ᨬ쭮 ᫮ ᮢ 䠩
        ।  IO.H

                                6.13. HUGE_VAL

        祭 ९  ⥬᪨ 㭪権
        ।  MATH.H

                                 6.14. mode

        , ᯮ㥬 㭪ﬨ spawn
        P_WAIT       ᪠ ⤥쭮, த⥫  襭
        P_NOWAIT      த⥫ ࠡ ६.
                    (not implemented)
        P_OVERLAY     த⥫, த⥫ 㭨⮦
        ।  PROCESS.H

                                 6.15. sig

         ᨣ  㭪権 raise  signal
        SIGABRT   
        SIGFPE    誠 饩 窨
        SIGILL    ⨬ 
        SIGINT    뢠
        SIGSEGV   訡 㯠  
        SIGTERM   室
        ।  SIGNAL.H


                                    - 26 -
                          6.16. ࠡ稪 ᨣ

        ।। 㭪樨    ࠡ⪨  ᨣ,   㥬
    㭪樥 raise  譨 ᮡﬨ
        SIG_DFL    ணࠬ
        SIG_IGN    ⢨, ᨣ 
        SIG_ERR     訡
        ।  SIGNAL.H
        . ⠪ raise, signal

                                 6.17. flags

         ﭨ 䠩  ࠡ  ⮪
        _F_RDWR      
        _F_READ    쪮 ⥭
        _F_WRIT    쪮 
        _F_BUF      ,  㭪樥 malloc
        _F_LBUF      ਧ ப
        _F_ERR      訡
        _F_EOF      EOF
        _F_BIN      筮 䠩
        _F_IN       
        _F_OUT     뢮 
        _F_TERM     祭
        ।  STDIO.H

                              6.18. ⮪

        ।। ⮪,   뢠  ⮬᪨   ᪥
    ணࠬ
        stdin     ⠭⭮ 室 ன⢮
        stdout    ⠭⭮ 室 ன⢮
        stderr    ⠭⭮ ன⢮  뢮 訡
        stdaux    ⠭ ⥫ ਡ
        stdprn    ⠭ ਭ
        ।  STDIO.H


                                    - 27 -
                                 6.19. BUFSIZ

           㬮砭, ᯮ㥬 㭪樥 setbuf.
        ।  STDIO.H

                         6.20.  ਧ樨 (type)

        _IOFBF     ਧ
        _IOLBF    ਧ 筮
        _IONBF     ਧ
        ।  STDIO.H

                               6.21. L_ctermid

         ப-䨪 ன⢠
        ।  STDIO.H

                                6.22. L_tmpnam

         ᨢ,   饭  ६ 䠩
        ।  STDIO.H

                       6.23. ᨬ쭮 ᫮ 䠩

        ᫮ 䠩,    ६
        OPEN_MAX    ᨬ쭮 ᫮ 䠩  
        SYS_OPEN    ᨬ쭮 ᫮ 䠩  ⥬
        ।  STDIO.H

                                6.24. RAND_MAX

        ᨬ쭮 祭, 頥 㭪樥 rand
        ।  STDLIB.H

                             6.25. ᫮ 室

        ⠭, ।騥 ᫮ 室  맮 㭪樨 exit

                                    - 28 -
        EXIT_SUCCESS   ଠ쭮 砭 ணࠬ
        EXIT_FAILURE   ଠ쭮 砭 ணࠬ
        ।  STDLIB.H

                                6.26. CLK_TCK

        ⠭, । ⢮ ⠪⮢  ᥪ㭤
        ।  TIME.H

                                * * * * *

