

               騪 ࡮
     -----------------------------------------------------------------

           ⥣஢ । ࡮  ()  騪  
     ஥.   ᨨ ࡮  () 騪 뢠-
       ⤥쭠 ணࠬ.  ⤥쭠 ணࠬ, TLINK, -
      ⠪ ᯮ짮  ⮭ 騪.

          TLINK   ⭮⥫쭮 ࠭祭   祭 ,
           ७  ⨪,    -
      騪,  祭   ⥭.

           㬮砭, ᫨  諠 ᯥ譮,  TCC 뢠-
       TLINK; TLINK ꥤ ꥪ 㫨   䠩
      ᮧ 믮塞 䠩.

           ⮬ ࠧ  뢠,  ᯮ짮 TLINK  -
     ⢥ ⮭ 騪.



               맮 TLINK
     -----------------------------------------------------------------

            맢 TLINK   ப DOS ⥬  
     tlink  ࠬࠬ  .

           맢  ࠬ஢, TLINK 뤠 ᢮ ࠬ஢
      権,  룫廊 ⠪:

     Turbo Link Version 1.0 Copyright(c) 1987,88 Borland International
     The syntax is: TLINK objfiles, exefile, mapfile, libfiles
     @xxxx indicates use response file xxxx
     Options: /m = map file with publics
              /x = no map file at all
              /i = initialise all segments
              /l = include sourse line numbers
              /s = detailed map of segmetnts
              /n = no default libraries
              /d = warn if duplicate symbols in libraries
              /c = lower case significant in symbols
              /3 = enable 32-bit processing
              /v = include full symbolic debug information
              /e = ignore Extended Dictionary
              /t = generate COM file

           뤠 ᢮ TLINK ப

          The syntax is: TLINK objfiles, exefile, mapfile, libfiles

     ⨧ 冷 㪠  䠩     浪,
     ⤥ 䠩 ࠧ ⨯ 묨.  ਬ, ᫨   -
     :

     tlink /c mainline wd ln tx, fin, mfin, lib\comm lib\support

          TLINK 㤥 ஢  ᫥騬 ࠧ:

          -  㪢  祭   (/).

          - 騬  .OBJ-䠩  MAINLINE.OBJ,
            WD.OBJ, LN.OBJ  TX.OBJ.

          -  믮塞 ணࠬ 㤥 FIN.EXE.

          -    MFIN.MAP.

          - ᯮ㥬묨   묨 䠩 -
             COMM.LIB  SUPPORT.LIB;   ᮤঠ  ⠫-
             LIB.

          TLINK  ७   䠩,      
     :
          - .OBJ  ꥪ 䠩
          - .EXE  믮塞 䠩
          - .MAP  䠩  ⮩
          - .LIB   䠩.

           ,    ᫨     .EXE-䠩, TLINK
     뢥  ⥬  .EXE   ࢮ   ᫥-
       ꥪ  䠩. ᫨, ਬ,    FIN,  
     .EXE-䠩   ।饬  ਬ,  TLINK    㤥  ᮧ
     MAINLINE.EXE  믮塞 䠩.

          ⨬,  ᫨ ᯮ  /t, ७ 믮-
      䠩 㤥 .COM,   .EXE.

          TLINK ᥣ   .MAP-䠩,  ᫨  ⮫쪮  
     ⨫ , 稢  /x   ப.

          - ᫨        /m,   䠩  砥 騥
     (public) 䨪.

          - ᫨     /s,  䠩   ⠫쭮
     ⠡楩 ᥣ⮢.

           ਢ ࠢ TLINK,     ।  
     䠩 :

          - ᫨    .MAP-䠩,  TLINK 뢮  䠩-
       ⥬  ७  .MAP      .EXE-䠩.
     ( .EXE-䠩      ப   -
     饬 䠩; ᫨   .EXE  ,  TLINK -
         ࢮ .OBJ-䠩.)

          - ᫨  䠩     ப (  -
     樠饬 䠩),  TLINK  ७ .MAP  -
      .

          ⨬,   ᫨      .MAP-䠩   /x, 
     .MAP-䠩  㤥 ᮧ.



               ᯮ짮 䠩-⠭
     -----------------------------------------------------------------

          TLINK    ࠧ  ࠬ    
     ப,  䠩-⠭     樨.

          -⠭    ⥪⮢ 䠩, 
     ᮤন 樨 /  䠩,   筮  -
       TLINK   ப.

          ,  ⫨稥   ப, 䠩-⠭  -
         த  ᪮쪮 ப ⥪.   ࠧ
      ᯨ᮪ ꥪ⮢      䠩    ᪮쪮
     ப,     ப    த ᯨ᮪ 
     ᫥饩 ப.

          ஬ ⮣,   稭      
      ࠧ ப: ꥪ 䠩, 믮塞 䠩, 䠩 ,
     ⥪.  ᫨  ⠪ ᤥ,     ,
     ᯮ㥬  ࠧ .

           樨  ⥩  ।,   -
     뢠 ।騩  ਬ  ப    樠-
     饣 䠩 FINRESP:

           /c mainline wd+
           ln tx,fin
           mfin
           lib\comm lib\support

               TLINK

          tlink @finresp

          ⨬,  ।  䠩    㪠뢠  ᨬ
     ""  (@)    㪠  ⮣,    ᫥饥  砥
     䠩-⠭.

           㣮 ஭,   ࠧ  믮  -
       ᪮쪮 䠩-⠭. ਬ,   ࠧ-
       ।   ப  ᫥騥  䠩--
     :

               䠩             ন
          ------------------------------------------

              LISTOBJS              mainline+
                                    wd+
                                    ln tx

              LISTLIBS              lib\comm+
                                    lib\support

          ⥬     TLINK

     tlink /c @listobjs,fin,mfin,@listlibs



               ᯮ짮  TLINK   ﬨ ࡮ 
     -----------------------------------------------------------------

          ࡮  ন  ࠧ 㫥  :  -
     , , , ।,   ᨬ. 
       ᮧ   TLINK 믮塞 䠩 ࡮ ,  
      樠騩    ⥪    ᯮ㥬
      .

          騬 ଠ⮬   ணࠬ ࡮  

     tlink C0x <myobjs>, <exe>,[map],<mylibs> [emu|fp87 mathx] Cx

        䠩  ᫥饥:

          <myobjs> - .OBJ-䠩,    ᪮
          <exe>    - , ᢠ 믮塞 䠩
          [map]    - , ᢠ 䠩  [易⥫쭮]
          <mylibs> -  䠩,    
                      ६ 

          ⠫   䠩    ⮩  饩  ଥ  TLINK
     ।⠢ 䠩 ࡮ ,  :

          C0x      - 樠騩    x
          emu|fp87 - ⥪ 饩 窨 (롨ࠥ )
          mathx    - ⥬᪠ ⥪    x
          Cx       - ᯮ ⥪    x

          砭. ᫨  ᯮ       ,
     ⮡ TLINK ந .COM-䠩,   ⠪ 㪠  /t.



               樠騥 㫨
               -----------------------

          樠騥 㫨    C0x.OBJ,  x 
     㪢 ᮮ⢥饩 : t (tiny - ⭠), s  (small  -
     ),   (compat - ⭠), m (medium - ।), l (large
     - ), h (huge - ᨬ쭠). 訡   樠-
     饣  筮 ᮯ஢  ᯨ᪮ ᮮ饭 
     訡,   ⮬,   䨪   ࠧ-
     襭 /  ⥪    ᮧ.

          樠騩   ⠪    -
       䠩  ᯨ᪥. 樠騩  । -
      ࠧ饭 ࠧ ᥣ⮢ ணࠬ. ᫨    ,
     ணࠬ ᥣ    ᮮ⢥騬 ࠧ ࠧ-
     饭  , 뢠  ᮪⥫ ணࠬ 訡-
     .

          ,         .-䠩  
     ப TLINK.   ணࠬ 㤥 C0. - , -
     ,  ,   ⥫!



               ⥪
               ----------

          ᫥  ᮡ⢥ ⥪    -
       祭 ⥪ ᮮ⢥饩    .  
     ⥪       ᯥ樠쭮 浪: ⥪
     饩 窨  ᮮ⢥饩 ⥬᪮ ⥪ (
     易⥫)  ᮮ⢥ ᯮ (run-time) -
     .  ᬮਬ   ⥪  ⮬  浪.

          ᫨  ᯮ   㭪 ࡮  ,  
          ⥪ graphics.lib.   -
        .

          ᫨  ணࠬ ࡮  ᯮ  ,  
     㦭  ⥪ 饩 窨 (EMU.LIB   FP87.LIB)
      ⥬ ⥪ (MATHx.LIB)    .

           ⥪ 饩 窨 ࡮     
      ணࠬ.

          - ᫨    樮  饩 -
      ⠪, ⮡ ணࠬ ࠡ⠫  設  ⥬᪨ -
     ஬        (8087   80287),   ᯮ짮
     EMU.LIB.

          - ᫨  ⭮,  ணࠬ ᥣ 㤥  믮
       設  ⥬᪨ ᮯ஬,  ⥪ FP87.LIB
      ᮧ     믮塞 ணࠬ.

          ⥬᪨ ⥪   MATHx.LIB,   -
       㪢, ᮮ⢥饩 : s,c,m,l,h.  (⭠
         ᯮ  ⥪ - MATHS.lib.)

           ᥣ   樮  ⥬ -
     ⥪    ப 騪. ᫨ ணࠬ  ࠡ-
     ⠥  饩 窮,  祣   ⥪  㤥 -
       䠩 믮塞 ணࠬ. ,  ᫨    ,
        ணࠬ  ࠡ  饩 窮,   -
      ६ , ᪫稢  ⥪   -
     .

           ᥣ   ᯮ ⥪ ⥬ 
       ணࠬ.  ⥪   .LIB,    
       㪢, ᮮ⢥饩 ,  㪠 .

          砭. ᫨   ᯮ 樨  饩 窮,
         ⥬    樮  ⥪
     ।  ᯮ饩 ⥪ . ᫨  믮 ⮣ ࠢ-
     ,   訡  ਩ ४饭 .



               ᯮ짮  TLINK    TCC
     -----------------------------------------------------------------

            ⠪ ᯮ짮 , ⮭  -
       ,    "।  ࠩ"  TLINK,  맮 TLINK 
     ४묨 樠騬 䠩, ⥪   믮-
     塞 ணࠬ.

           ⮣,  ⮡ ᤥ ,     䠩  -
      ப   묨 ७ﬨ .OBJ  .LIB.   ਬ,
     ᫨  ᫥  ப 

          tcc -mx mainfile.obj subl.obj mylib.lib

            맮 TLINK  䠩 C0x.obj, EMU.LIB, MATHx.LIB 
     Cx.LIB (樠騩 , 㬠稢 樮 -
     ⥪  8087,  ⥬᪠  ⥪  ᯮ ⥪
        ). TLINK ᪮    訬  ᮡ⢥묨
     ﬨ  MAINLINE.OBJ  SUB1.OBJ   襩 ᮡ⢥ -
      MYLIB.LIB.

          砭.   뢠 TLINK,  ᥣ  ᯮ
      / (  稬 ࠧ஬ 㪢).



               樨  TLINK
     -----------------------------------------------------------------

          樨 TLINK    ᯮ       
     ப. 樨   ᫥ (/),   ᫥ ᯥ-
       㪢 (m,s,l,i,n,d,x,c,3,v,e  t).

          ᫨     樨,    ஡    ᪠
     (/m/c  -    ᠬ,  /m /). 騥 ࠧ 뢠
       権.



               樨  /, /m    /s
               --------------------

           㬮砭, TLINK ᥣ ᮧ  믮塞 䠩.
       砥  ᥡ ⮫쪮 ᯨ᮪ ᥣ⮢  ணࠬ,  

     砫     ।।⥫  訡 ᮮ饭,
     뤠   .

          ᫨   ᮧ   ,   /m -
      ᯨ᮪  䨪஢  䠩  ,  㯮冷祭  
     浪  ⠭ ᮢ.      ⫠.
      ⫠稪, ⠪  SYMDEB,  ᯮ짮 ᯨ᮪ -
      䨪஢  뫮  ᨬ᪨   ⫠-
     .

           /s ᮧ 䠩   ᥣ⠬, 騬 䨪-
     ࠬ  砫 ᮬ ணࠬ,    樨 /m,   -
      ⠪ ⠫  ᥣ⮢.  ਢ ਬ -
     ⠫쭮  ᥣ⮢:

                     [ Detailed map of segments ]

     Addres  Length Class  Segment Name  Group    Module   Aligument/
             (Bytes)                                       Combining
     ----------------------------------------------------------------
     0000:0000 OE5B C=CODE S=SYMB_TEXT   G=() M=SYMB.C  ACBP=28
     0CE5:000B 2735 C=CODE S=QUAL_TEXT   G=() M=QUAL.C  ACBP=28
     0359:0000 002B C=CODE S=SCOPY_TEXT  G=() M=SCOPY   ACBP=28
     035B:000B 003A C=CODE S=LRSN_TEXT   G=() =LRSN    ACBP=20
     035F:0005 0083 C=CODE S=PADA_TEXT   G=() M=PADA    ACBP=20
     0367:0008 005B C=CODE S=PADD_TEXT   G=() M=PADD    ACBP=20
     036D:0003 0025 C=CODE S=PSBP_TEXT   G=() M=PSBP    ACBP=20
     036F:0008 05CE C=CODE S=BRK_TEXT    G=() M=BRK     ACBP=28
     03CC:0006 066F C=CODE S=FLOAT_TEXT  G=() M=FLOAT   ACBP=20
     0433:0006 000B C=DATA S=_DATA       G=DGROUP M=SYMB.C  ACBP=48
     0433:0012 00D3 C=DATA S=_DATA       G=DGROUP M=QUAL.C  ACBP=48
     0433:00E6 000E C=DATA S=_DATA       G=DGROUP M=BRK     ACBP=48
     0442:0004 0004 C=BSS  S=_BSS        G=DGROUP M=SYMB.C  ACBP=48
     0442:0008 0002 C=BSS  S=_BSS        G=DGROUP M=QUAL.C  ACBP=48
     0442:000A 000E C=BSS  S=_BSS        G=DGROUP M=BRK     ACBP=48

             ᥣ   㫥   砥 -

     ,   , ,  ᥣ, 㯯,   -
      ACBP.

          ᫨     ᥣ   , 祬  -
     㫥,    㤥   ⤥쭮 ப  (-
     ਬ,  SYMB.C). 設⢮ ଠ樨  ⠫쭮  ᥣ-
     ⮢  祢,  ᪫祭  ACBP.

           BP    ਡ   (alignment-ࠢ), 
     (combining-஢)  B (big-让)  ⢥ 4--
      ,  । Intel. TLINK ᯮ ⮫쪮    
       - , B  . 祭 ACBP ⠥  ⭠-
       . 騥 祭    ᪨ ᫮
       ࠧ ⠥ 祭 ACBP:

                  祭         ᠭ
     -----------------------------------------------------------------
                   00         ᮫ ᥣ
     (ࠢ)     20         , ࠢ  
                        40         , ࠢ  ᫮
                        60         , ࠢ  ࠧ
                        80         , ࠢ  ࠭
                        0         ﭭ ᮫ ⮪
                                   

                   00           ஢
     (஢)   08          㥬 ᥣ

      B             00           64
     (让)          02          ஢ 64



                /l
               --------

           /l ᮧ ᥪ  .-䠩  ஢  ப  -
     室   ணࠬ.       ᯮ짮      ᮧ
     .OBJ-䠩 ⥬  樨    樥  -y  (  㬥
     ப).  ᫨  頥 TLINK ᮧ   (ᯮ-
       /),     㤥   䥪.



                /i
               --------

           /i 뢠 뤠   ᥣ⮢    믮塞
     䠩   ᫨ ᥣ  ᮤঠ ᥩ . ⨬, 
      筮  ॡ.



                /n
               --------

           /n ⠢  騪  ஢  㬠稢
     ⥪,  묨 ࠬ.   ॡ-
     ,  ᫨  ⥪,  ᯮ㥬   㬮砭, 室 
     㣮 ⠫, ᪮ TLINK  ন  ⥪.
       ᯮ짮     㫥, ᠭ-
       㣨 몠.



                /
               --------

           / 㪠뢠  ࠧ稥 ࠧ 㪢   (public)
       譨  (external)  䨪.  ਬ,   㬮砭
     TLINK ਭ fred, Fred  FRED,  ;  /  
      ࠧ묨.



                /d
               --------

          筮 TLINK  ।० ,  ᫨ 䨪 ()
      ,  祬   筮 䠩. ᫨ -
        祭  ணࠬ,   TLINK 㤥  ᯮ짮-
       ⮣ 䨪  ࢮ 䠩,   -
      ப.  ᪮  筮 ᯮ㥬 ࠢ, TLINK
      ।०   䨪.  -
     ᪠  ,        ᯮ짮
      ࠢ.

          ।,       ⥪:  SUPPORT.LIB  
     ᯮ⥫ DEBUGSUP.LIB, ᮤঠ 㡫  -
     ணࠬ SUPPORT.LIB ( 㡫  DEBUGSUP.LIB ᪮쪮 ⫨-
       㭪樮쭮,  ਬ  ⫠ ᨨ -
     ணࠬ). ᫨   DEBUGSUP.LIB ࢮ     -
     騪,     ⫠ ணࠬ,   ணࠬ
      SUPPORT.LIB.

          ᫨   ᯮ  ,    㢥७, -
      ணࠬ 㡫,     /d.  ⠢
     TLINK 뤠  ᯨ᮪   䨪஢  -
     ⥪,   ᫨  䨪   ᯮ  ணࠬ-
     .

           /d ।뢠 ⠪ TLINK ।०  -
     ,     .OBJ   .LIB-䠩.  ⮬ -
     砥, ᪮  䠩    ப    ᫥
     ࠢ, ᯮ짮 㤥 䨪  .OBJ-䠩.

           ᠥ ਡ⨢ ⥪ ࡮ ,    
       ᯮ짮    騪,    -
     ঠ      䨪஢.  ,    EMU.LIB  
     FP87.LIB ( CS.LIB   CL.LIB),  祢,  ᮤঠ  
     䨪,       ᯮ짮  
        .      䨪஢,
     ਬ,  EMU.LIB, MATHS.LIB  CS.LIB.



                /e
               --------

           䠩, ⠢塞  ࡮  ,    ᮤঠ
     ७ ᫮ (Extended Dictionary)  ଠ樥, -
     饩  TLINK ॥ 믮   䠩. ७
     ᫮   ⠪    㣮  筮
     䠩     樨 /E ⥪ TLIB (  ᬮ ࠧ
     ).

            ⥪, ᮤঠ ७ ᫮, 
     ॥,    稭,       -
      樨 /e ⪫ ᯮ짮 ७ ᫮.

          - ணࠬ  ॡ       
     ,  ᯮ ७ ᫮.

          - TLINK  㤥 ஢  ⫠ ଠ, -
     ঠ  ⥪, ᫨  ᯮ /e.



                /t
               --------

          ᫨  ⪮஢  䠩  ⭮      
       稫    ,   TLINK ᣥ .COM-䠩
      筮 .EXE.

           ᯮ /t, 믮塞 䠩  㬮砭 -
      ७ .COM.

          砭. .COM-䠩   ॢ ࠧ 64,  -
       - ⠭, 騥  ᥣ⮢,   
     ।  ⥪ ᥣ    砫 , ࠢ-
      0:100H.  ७ 믮塞 䠩 ⫨筮    .COM
     (.BIN,  ਬ),  砫         0:0, 
     0:100H.



                /v
               --------

           /v ।뢠 TLINK  ⫠ ଠ 
     믮塞 䠩.



                /3
               --------

           /3  ᯮ짮,    (  )  
     㥬  ꥪ  㫥  祭  ᯮ짮 TASM
      ᮢ⨬   ᥬ  ᮤন 32-⮢    
     80386  .   㢥稢 ॡ㥬  
        , ⮬    ᯮ짮
     ⮫쪮  室.



               ࠭祭
     -----------------------------------------------------------------

           ⬥祭 ,  TLINK 㭪樮쭮 ࠭祭   祭
     ;       筮  権.   ਢ
     ⮫쪮 ᭮ ࠭祭  TLINK:

          - ४뢠騥 (overlay)   ন.

          - 騥 ६ ন ⮫쪮  筮:    
     ࠧ襭  ᯮ짮 騩 䨪.

          -    ᨬ 4000 ᪨ ᥣ.

          - ,          ,  
          㥬,  . ( ஡  -
      ⮫쪮  ணࠬ⮢ ᥬ).

          - ணࠬ,  ⪮஢  Microsoft  C     Microsoft
     Fortran,    ᪮ TLINK. 稭 ⮣ -
      ,  모 Microsoft  㬥஢ ଠ -
       ᥩ  ᢮ .OBJ-䠩,  TLINK  ন-
     .

          TLINK ᮧ  ᯮ짮  ࡮  (   ⥣-
       ।,  ⠪    ᨥ),  ⠪  TASM, ࡮
     ஫  㣨 ࠬ;        
       MS Link.



               饭  訡
     -----------------------------------------------------------------

           TLINK   ⨯ 訡: ⠫ 訡, ⠫-
      訡  ।०.

          - ⠫쭠 訡 맮    ४饭  ࠡ
     TLINK; .EXE-䠩 㭨⮦.

          - ⠫ 訡  㭨⮦ .EXE  .MAP-䠩,  -
      .EXE-䠩 㤥 .

          - ।०  ᮮ    ⥫⢠,  ,
     ⭮, ⥫  .    稨  ।०  .EXE  
     .MAP-䠩 ᮧ.

          騥 㥬    祭   ᮮ-
     饭  訡, ਢ   ࠧ.   -
      ᮮ饭   訡,  ᮮ⢥饥   祭 -
     ⠢.

        <sname>     䨪
        <mname>     
        <fname>     䠩
        <lsegname>  ᪮ ᥣ
        xxxxh    4-筮 ⭠筮 ᫮ ᮯ஢ `h`.



               ⠫ 訡
               ----------------

           砥  ⠫쭠  訡,  TLINK ⠭ 
     㭨⮦ .-䠩.

     XXXXXXXX.XXX: bad object file
     (XXXXXXXX.XXX - 宩 ꥪ 䠩)

          㦥 ࠢ쭮 ନ஢ ꥪ 䠩.  -
             - 室  ꥪ⭮ 䠩,
             ஥.   , ᫨ -
          設 뫠 १饭   樨  ᫨ -
              㭨⮦  ᢮ 室 䠩,  뫨 
           Ctrl-brk.


     XXXXXXXX.XXX: unable to open file
     (XXXXXXXX.XXX:   䠩)

           ந室, ᫨  䠩     
          訡筮.


     Bad character in parameters
     ( ᨬ  ࠬ)

             ᫥ ᨬ 㦥   ப 
           䠩-⨯: " * < = > ? [ ] |     ࠢ騩
          ᨬ,  ⫨  ਧ⠫쭮 ⠡樨, ॢ -
          ,  ⪨  Ctrl-Z.


     msdos error, ax=XXXXh
     (訡 MS-DOS, ax=XXXXh)

           ந室, ᫨ 맮 DOS 頥   訡-
          .  祭  ax  뢠 १騩  訡. 
            ७ 訡 TLINK  DOS. 맮  DOS  
          TLINK,          訡, 
          ⮫쪮 read, write, seek  close.


     Not enough memory
     ( 墠⠥ )

           墠⨫   襭  .  -
          ⠩  㤠 襭  騥 १묨 ਪ-
           ணࠬ  㬥 ࠧ  ⨢  -
          㠫쭮 ᪠. ⥬  TLINK ᭮.


     <lsegname>:segment/group exceeds 64k
     (< .ᥣ>:ᥣ/㯯 ॢ蠥 64)

           ᮮ饭 뤠, ᫨ ᫨誮   뫮 -
              㪠  ᥣ     ᥣ,
            ᥣ    ⥬     ࠧ-
           室 䠩.  ᮮ饭 ⠪ ந室, ᫨
          㯯 ॢ蠥 64,   ᥣ  㯯.


     Undefined symbol name
     (। ᨬ쭮  name)

          맢 㭪  㪠 ,  ।   -
          饬 䠩,    㣮 㫥  ⥪, -
          㥬  ᮢ⭮.  쭮    筮 ᮢ 
           । 㭪樨.


     Invalid group definition
     (ࠢ쭮 ᠭ 㯯)

           ᮮ饭 筮 뤠 ⮫쪮 ⮣,  
          ந ४ ꥪ 䠩. ᫨   ந室
            䠩,  ᮧ ࡮ , ⠩ ४஢
          䠩. ᫨ ஡ ⠥,  令    ମ  Borland
          International.


     Invalid segment definition
     (ࠢ쭮 ᠭ ᥣ)

           ᮮ饭 筮 뤠 ⮫쪮 ⮣,  
          ந  ४ ꥪ 䠩. ᫨  ந室
           䠩, ᮧ ࡮ ,  ⠩  ४஢
          䠩.  ᫨  ஡  ⠥,  令  ମ Borland
          International.


     Unknown option
     (⭠ )

            ப  䠩-⨯ 㦥  ᫥  (/),
          ᫥ ண  ᫥    ࠧ襭 権.


     Write failed, disk full?
     (뢮 ४饭,  ?)

           ந室,  ᫨ TLINK   뢥  , -
           ।祭  뢮.  ᥣ   易  
          ⥬,   㦥 ९.


     Relocation table full
     ( ன ९)

          㥬 䠩  ᮤন   ⠭, 祬 -
           ᮤঠ ⠭⭠ ⠡  ன  DOS.  (
          ⠭ ᮧ  ᭮  맮 far-㭪権.)


     32-bit record encountered in module XXXX: use "/3" option
     (32-⮢  㦥  㫥 XXXX:ᯮ  /3)

           ᮮ饭 뤠, ᫨ 㦥 ꥪ 䠩, -
            ᮤন 32-⮢ ;  ᯮ짮 
          /3.  १ TLINK  樥 /3.


     Invalid entry point offset
     (ࠢ쭮 ᬥ饭 窨 室)

           ᮮ饭 뤠 ⮫쪮  砥  ꥪ⭮
          䠩  32-⮢묨 ﬨ.    砥,    ᬥ饭
          窨  室  砫쭮  ணࠬ  ॢ蠥 ⨬ DOS
          । - 64.


     Invalid initial stack offset
     (ࠢ쭮 ᬥ饭 砫쭮 ᥣ)

           ᮮ饭 뤠 ⮫쪮  砥  ꥪ⭮
          䠩  32-⮢묨 ﬨ.    砥,    祭
          㪠⥫   砫 ⥪ ॢ蠥 ⨬ DOS ।
          - 64.


     Base fixup offset overflow
     (室 ᬥ饭  ⠭  ⨬ ।)

           ᮮ饭 뤠 ⮫쪮  砥  ꥪ⭮
          䠩  32-⮢묨 ﬨ.  砥,  ᬥ饭 -
           ⠭ ॢ蠥 ⨬ DOS । - 64.


     Cannot generate COM file: invalid initial entry point address
     ( ᣥ஢ .COM-䠩: ࠢ  砫쭮
     窨 室)

          뫠 ᯮ짮  /t,  砫  ணࠬ
           ࠢ 100H,  ॡ  .COM-䠩.


     Cannot generate COM file: segment-relocatable items present
     ( ᣥ஢ .COM-䠩:  ᥣ⭮-ᨬ
     )

          뫠 ᯮ짮  /t,  ணࠬ  ᮤন  ᥣ-
          ⭮ᨬ   ⠭,         ࠧ襭  
          .COM-䠩.


     Cannot generate COM file: programm exceeds 64
     ( ᣥ஢ .COM-䠩: ணࠬ ॢ蠥 64)

          뫠 ᯮ짮  /t,   騩  ࠧ  ணࠬ
          ॢ蠥 ⨬  .COM-䠩.


     Cannot generate COM file: stack segment present
     ( ᣥ஢ .COM-䠩:  ⥪ ᥣ)

          뫠 ᯮ짮  /t,  ணࠬ । -
           ᥣ,   ࠧ蠥  .COM-䠩.



               ⠫ 訡
               ------------------

          TLINK   ⮫쪮  ⠫ 訡.  ⬥祭 -
     ,  ந室 ⠫쭠 訡, 䠩  .EXE    .MAP  
     㭨⮦.    ᠬ 訡 ࠪ  ⠫
      ⥣஢ ।.   ᮮ饭:


     XXX is unresolved in module YYY
     (XXX  ࠧ襭  㫥 YYY)

             䨪   뫪   㫥,
             ।   ꥪ,    䠩,
          祭  .  ஢  ४⭮  ᠭ
          䨪.    筮 㤥   ᮮ饭 
          TLINK  䨪஢ ࡮ , ᫨  ਢ   -
          ⢥⢨    ⨯ pascal  cdecl  ࠧ -
          室 䠩,  ᫨   稫 ॡ㥬    襩
          ணࠬ .OBJ- 䠩.


     Fixup overflow in module XXXX, at <lsegname>:xxxxh,target=<sname>

           ।०  뢠 ४⭮ 뫪  -
              ꥪ⭮ 䠩,  TLINK   -
          ⠭  ६ .

           ᮮ饭    뢠 ᮮ⢥⢨ -
           .  (near)  맮  㭪樨    ࠧ
          ᥣ  ணࠬ    ⮩ 稭. 
          訡  ⠪ ந, ᫨    
          맮 ६  뫪  㭪.    ᨬ-
          ,  㪠  target,  ⮩ 㭪樥  ६-
          ,   ந 뫪.  뫪      
          㪠  㫥,  ⮬  ᬮ ᮮ⢥騩 室
          䠩.

          ᫨  ᯮᮡ  㦨 稭 訡,  ᫨ 
          ணࠬ  ᥬ   - 㣮 -
           ᮪ ஢, ⫨筮  ࡮ ,   ⮦  
            稭  訡.   ࡮   ᮮ饭 㤥
          뤠, ᫨  ᯮ짮  ᥣ⮢  㯯,  -
             ᯮ㥬  㬠砭    -
          .



               ।०
               --------------

          TLINK   ⮫쪮  ।०.   ⭮
      騬 । 䨪஢, ,  ਬ
       ⭮    , ⬥砥,   ⥪  
      ।.   ᮮ饭:


     Warning: XXX is duplicated in module YYY
     (।०: XXX   㫥 YYY)

           䨪 ।       㫥.
                ꥪ 䠩 ࡮ , ਬ,
          ᫨  ࠧ  ⨯ pascal 뫨    ⫨稥
          ⮫쪮  ࠧ 㪢  室 䠩.


     Warning:  XXX defined in module YYY  is duplicated in module ZZZ
     (।०: XXX, ।  㫥 YYY,  
     㫥 ZZZ)

           䨪  ।      -
          .   ந, ᫨ ꥪ 䠩   
           ப      䨪 -
          ᠭ 訡筮.


     Warning: no stack
     (।०:  ⥪)

           ।० 뤠, ᫨ ⥪ ᥣ   -
                ꥪ⭮ 䠩  ⥪  -
          .  ଠ쭮 ᮮ饭  ⭮   
           ࡮     ਪ ணࠬ,  㤥
          ८ࠧ  .COM-䠩.  㣨 ணࠬ  㪠뢠
           訡.

          ᫨ ணࠬ  ࡮  뤠  ᮮ饭  , -
          筮  ⭮,  , ஢ 樠-
          騥 ꥪ 䠩 C0x  ४⭮.



                      TLIB: ⥪ ࡮
     -----------------------------------------------------------------

          TLIB - ⥪  Borland -  ⨫,  -
     ࠢ ꥤ  ⥪ ⤥ 䠩 ⨯ .OBJ (-
     ꥪ  㫥). ⥪   㤮  ࠡ 
     ஬ ꥪ 㤥    .

          ⥪, ⠢塞  ࡮  ,  ஥    
     TLIB.  ᯮ  TLIB,    ந ᮡ⢥ ⥪, 
     ⠪  ⥪, ᠭ 㣨 ணࠬ⠬  
     ᪨ ⥪,   ਮ५. TLIB  ᯮ-
      :

       - ᮧ  ⥪  㯯 ꥪ 㫥;

       -   ꥪ 㫥  㣨 ⥪   -
          ⥪;

       - 㤠 ꥪ 㫥  饩 ⥪;

       -  ꥪ 㫥  饩 ⥪;

       - 祭 ꥪ 㫥  饩 ⥪;

       - 祭    饩 ⥪.

           砥,  ᫨   ⥪,   TLIB
     ᥣ ᮧ  室 ⥪  ७ .BAK.

          TLIB   ⠪  ᮧ  (     
     䠩) ७ ᫮,       ᯮ짮  
     㢥祭 ᪮ .  祭  ஡ -
     ଠ樨 ᬮ ࠧ  樨 /E.

           TLIB  易⥫쭠  ᮧ  ࡮  믮塞
     ணࠬ,      ᯮ짮 ணࠬ⠬  쬠
     த⨢ 㬥.  ,  TLIB 㤮 ᯮ짮
      㯭 ࠧࠡ⮪. ᫨  ࠡ⠥  ⥪ ꥪ
     㫥, ࠧࠡ⠭ 㣨 ணࠬ⠬,    ,  ᫨
      室, ᯮ짮 TLIB  ࠡ  .



             २⢠ ᯮ짮 ⥪ ꥪ 㫥
     -----------------------------------------------------------------

           ணࠬ஢   筮 ᮧ   ᯮ-
       㭪権,  㭪 ᯮ⥫쭮 ⥪ . 
         몮,  㤮 ࠧ   㭪-
     樨   ⤥쭮 ࠭᫨㥬 室 䠩.  ⭮
     ணࠬ  ᯮ ⮫쪮 ⢮ 㭪権  ᥣ -
     . 뫮  ⢥ ᯮ짮  ணࠬ ⮫쪮 䠩 
     ।⢥  ᯮ㥬묨  㭪ﬨ.  祭  -
     室 䠩 ணࠬ 뢠 祭 让  㤭 ⠥-
     .

          ⥪ ꥪ 㫥 蠥  ࠢ  -
     ஬ 㭪権 .     ணࠬ  ⥪,
     騪 ᪠ ⥪  뤥 ⮫쪮  㫨, -
       室   ணࠬ.  ⮬  ⥪ -
      㫥     ᪥, 祬   ꥪ-
      㫥  䠩, ᮡ ᫨  ꥪ  
     让  ࠧ. ⥪ ⠪ ᪮ ࠡ 騪,
     ஬ 筮  ⮫쪮  䠩,     䠩-
        ꥪ .



                 ப TLIB
     ----------------------------------------------------------------

           ᪠ ணࠬ TLIB ⥬     ப
     TLIB   ⢥  ਣ襭 DOS.  ⮡   ࠢ
      TLIB, 筮  TLIB   .

           ப  ᫥騩 ᭮ ଠ  (,
        ᪮,  易⥫묨):

          tlib _⥪ [/C] [/E] [樨] [, 䠩_]

           ࠧ  뢠       ப.
     騩 ࠧ  ஡ ᠭ,  짮  TLIB.
     ਬ ᯮ짮 TLIB  ᬮ  ࠧ "ਬ".

     -----------------------------------------------------------------
               ᠭ
     -----------------------------------------------------------------

     tlib             ,  뢠 TLIB.

     _⥪      ࠡ祩 ⥪.  
                      TLIB     _⥪. -
                     ᨬ ⨬. TLIB ࠧ㬥  -
                       .LIB,  ᫨   㪠 㣮.  ४-
                     㥬  ᯮ짮 㣨 ७,  ஬
                     .LIB,  ..  ਠ ࠭ - TCC  TC -
                      ࠡ ॡ ७ .LIB   ᯮ-
                      ⥪.

                     ⬥⨬,   ᫨  ⥪  -
                       ᯮ  ,  TLIB
                     ᮧ  ⥪.

     /C               ࠧ  訬  쪨  㪢-
                     .  筮   ᯮ. (. ࠧ "-
                     ७ :  /C".)

     /E               ७ ᫮. (. ࠧ  "-
                      ७ ᫮:  /E".)

     樨        ᮪ 権, 믮塞 TLIB. 樨 
                     뢠    ᫥⥫쭮.  ᫨  
                       ⮫쪮  ᬮ ᮤন ⥪,
                       ॡ 㪠뢠  権.

     䠩_        䠩   ⨭  ᮤন  ⥪.
                     । ⨬    . ᫨  
                     㪠    䠩,   ⨭ ᮧ 
                     㤥. ⨭ -  䠢  ᯨ᮪  㫥;
                       㫥   䠢  ᯨ᮪  
                     䨪஢, ।  㫥.  -
                       ⮣ 䠩  㬮砭 - .LST.

                       ࠢ ⨭   ࠭,  㪠  
                     ⢥  CON,   ਭ, 㪠 PRN.
     -----------------------------------------------------------------


               ᮪ 権
               ---------------

          ᮪ 権 뢠 ⢨,    믮-
          TLIB.  ⮨  ᫥⥫쭮 権,
        㣮.   ⮨      
      "ᨬ ⢨",  묨 ᫥  䠩  -
     .  ᯮ짮  ᫮ ஡   ᨬ-
      ⢨,  䠩  ,     室
       ᨬ ⢨   .

             ᯮ짮 ⮫쪮 権, ᪮쪮 頥
       ப DOS ( 127 ᨬ). ᫥⥫쭮 -
     権  . TLIB ᥣ 뢠 樨  ।  -
     浪:

          1.  樨 祭 뢠 묨.
          2.  樨 㤠  ᫥騬  浪.
          3.  樨  ᥣ  ᫥.

              㤠   ⥬ 
     .


                䠩  㫥
               ----------------------
           TLIB  䠩 ꥪ⭮      ⥪,
       䠩 筮 뢠 㫥. TLIB ।  -
     ,   䠩  뢠  ன⢠,    -
     ७. (筮  ன⢠,   ७  .)

          ⬥⨬,   TLIB ᥣ ࠧ㬥 ᫮ 㬮砭.
     ਬ, ⮡  ,   ७ .OBJ 
     ⥪饣 ⠫,   筮 ⮫쪮 㪠  䠩,  
     㪠 ⠫  ७ .OBJ.

          ᨬ (*  ?) ⨬   䠩  㫥.


               樨  TLIB
               --------------
          TLIB ᯮ   ᨬ ⢨ (-,+,*),   -
      㪠뢠    権.  権,  㪠뢠-
      ன ᨬ,  ᫥⥫쭮   祭. -
      ⢨   㦥 㭪樨 ᠭ  ⠡:

     -----------------------------------------------------------------
           祭        ᠭ
     ⢨
     -----------------------------------------------------------------

         +           TLIB  㪠 䠩  -
                               ⥪. ᫨ 䠩    㪠-
                                 ७,    TLIB ࠧ㬥
                               .OBJ. ᫨ 䠩 ᠬ   -
                                 ७ .LIB,   १
                               樨      㫨 ⮩
                               ⥪   ⥪.

                               ᫨ 塞  㦥    
                               ⥪,  TLIB 뢮 ᮮ饭 
                                 .

         -             TLIB 㤠   㪠  
                                ⥪. ᫨   ⥪
                               ,  TLIB 뤠 ᮮ饭.

         *       祭    TLIB  ᮧ  䠩  ⥬
                               ஢ ᮮ⢥饣   
                               ⥪   䠩. ᫨  , 
                               TLIB  뤠  ᮮ饭      ᮧ
                               䠩. ᫨ 䠩  ⠪  㦥 
                                ᪥,   ९뢠.

         -+              TLIB    㪠 
         +-                    ᮮ⢥騬  䠩.    
                                ६ , 祬 㤠  ⥬
                               .

         -*      祭   TLIB    㪠 
         *-      㤠       䠩  ᮮ⢥騬    㤠-
                                  ⥪.     
                                ६  ,   祬  祭 
                               ᫥騬 㤠.
     -----------------------------------------------------------------

           㤠  ॡ  ⮫쪮   , ⥬  
     TLIB      䠩, 饥    -
     ன⢠,  ,  ७.   , ஬ 
     .

           २   ⥪.    ⮣,  ⮡
     २  ,     ᭠砫   㤠 ,
     २ ᮧ 䠩  ⥬  䠩  ⥪.


                ⥪
               -------------------

           ᮧ ⥪    㫨  -
     ⥪,    .



               ᯮ짮 䠩-⠭
     ----------------------------------------------------------------

               訬 ⢮ 権  ᫨
      ।     ᥡ    ᫥⥫쭮
     権, ,  ⭮,  ᯮ짮 䠩-⠭.
     -⠭ -   ⥪⮢ ASCII-䠩 (筮 ᮧ-
          । ࡮ ),   ᮤন  
       TLIB. ᯮ 䠩-⠭,   ந
      TLIB  , 祬   ப DOS.

           ᯮ짮  䠩-⠭ 㪠 @<_>
         ப TLIB.

          -  祬  ப ⥪  室  䠩--
     ⠭.  ⠢  ᨬ  "&"   ப, ⮡ ,
       ப  த.

          -  室 뢠   TLIB  䠩--
     ⠭. -⠭  ᮤঠ   TLIB, -
     ⠫   .

          -     ᯮ짮   䠩-⠭ 
       ப TLIB .

           "ਬ"  ਬ஢ ᯮ짮  䠩--
        ப TLIB, ᯮ饩 .



                ७ ᫮:   /E
     ----------------------------------------------------------------

           㢥祭 ᪮    䠩-
       (⠪,  ⠭⭠ ⥪ Cx.LIB)   㪠
     TLIB ᮧ ⠪ 뢠 ७ ᫮     
     筮  䠩.    ᫮ ᮤন ( 祭 ⭮
     ଥ) ଠ,   祭  ⠭ ᫮ -
     ⥪.  ଠ  騪 TLINK ࠡ뢠
      䠩 ॥, ᮡ,   ࠧ饭  -
      ᪥  "" ⪮ ᪥.  ⥪   -
     ਡ⨢ ᪥ ࡮  ᮤঠ ७ ᫮.

           ᮧ  ७ ᫮ ⥪,  -
     ,  ᯮ  /E  맮 TLIB    -
     ,  㤠   㫥  ⥪.  ᮧ
     ७ ᫮ 饩 ⥪,    -
      ஢, ᯮ  /E   TLIB  㤠
      騥 㫨  ⥪. TLIB 뤠 ।०-
     ,  㪠   ⥪  ,  ⠪ ᮧ
     ७ ᫮  ⥪. ਬ:

          tlib /E mylib -bogus



               ७ :   /C
     -----------------------------------------------------------------

                 ⥪, TLIB ন
     ᫮   䨪஢, ।  ,  -
         ⥪.  䨪  ⥪  
     ࠧ묨. ᫨  ஡    ⥪,  -
        ਢ  㡫஢ 䨪஢, TLIB 뤠
     ᮮ饭    .

          筮,  TLIB ஢ 稥  -
     ஢, 訥  쪨 㪢  ࠢࠢ묨.  -
     ਬ, 䨪 lookup  LOOKUP  ਭ  -
     .   C ࠧ砥 訥  쪨 㪢,   -
     室  ᯮ짮  /C    ⥪ -
     ,   䨪 ⫨ ⮫쪮 ᠭ  -
        㪢  㦥 室  ⥪.

           ࠭,   樨 /C TLIB  ࠧ砥 訥
       쪨 㪢,  C  몮, 뢠騬 ࠧ稥
       쪨 㪢. 稭  ⮬,   ࠧ  
     騪.

          TLINK ࠧ砥 訥  쪨 㪢   ᮥ  
     ⥪  䨪,  ࠧ騥  ⮫쪮 ࠧ஬ 㪢.
     ᪮  ᯮ TLINK, ⮫     TLIB  /C
      ஡.

          , ᫨  ᯮ 騪, ⫨   TLINK
     (    㣨   ᯮ짮 ⥪  㣨
     騪),   ᮡ⢥ ᮢ  ४-
      ᯮ짮  /C.




               ਬ
     ----------------------------------------------------------------

           ਢ ਬ, 騥  , -
          TLIB .

     1.  ⥪   MYLIB.LIB  ﬨ X.OBJ, Y.OBJ,
        Z.OBJ:

           tlib mylib +x +y +z

     2.  ⥪   1 砥   ⨭:

           tlib mylib +x +y +z, mylib.lst

     3.  ⨭ 饩 ⥪ CS.LIB:

           tlib cs, cs.lst

     4.    X.OBJ   ,   A.OBJ 
        㤠 Z.OBJ  MYLIB.LIB:

           tlib mylib -+x +a -z

     5.   Y.OBJ  MYLIB.LIB   ⨭:

           tlib mylib +y, mylib.lst

     6.   ⥪  ﬨ A.OBJ, B.OBJ, ... G.OBJ  
        ᯮ짮 䠩-⠭:


        砫 ᮧ ⥪⮢ 䠩 ALPHA.RSP  ᮤন:

           +a.obj +b.obj +c.obj &
           +d.obj +e.obj +f.obj &
           +g.obj

        ⥬ ᯮ   TLIB:

           tlib alpha @alpha.rsp, alpha.lst



               GREP: ⨫ ᪠  ⥪⮢ 䠩.
     -----------------------------------------------------------------

          GREP -   魠 ⨫,   ⢫ 
     ࠣ ⥪  㯯 䠩.

          騩 ᨭ⠪  ப GREP:

          grep [樨] ᪮_ப [ᯥ_䠩 ...]

          ਬ, ᫨   ᭨,    室  䠩
     뢠  㭪  setupmodem,    ᯮ짮 GREP 
     ᪠  ᮤন  䠩   몥      襬  ⠫
     ப "setupmodem" ᫥騬 ࠧ:

          grep setupmodem *.c



               樨  GREP
     -----------------------------------------------------------------

             ப 樨 ।⠢   ᪮쪨
     ᨬ,  ।  (-).  ⤥  ᨬ-
         樥,     몫. -
     ࠭ ᫥ ᨬ "+" 砥 "",   "-"  -  몫-
     .

           㬮砭 ⠥ "祭" (+). ਬ, -r ࠧ-
        ᠬ,   -r+.    ᪮쪮 権
      ⤥쭮 (.. -i -d -l ),      ᯮ짮  
     樨 (.. -idl  -il -d  ..).

           ਢ  ᯨ᮪  祢  ᨬ,  ᯮ㥬 
     GREP,   ᫮ 祭.

     -c Count only (⮫쪮 ). ⠥ ⮫쪮 ⢮ -
         宦  ᪮ ப.    䠩,  
        ᮤন    宦 ᪮ ப,  GREP ⠥
         䠩  ⢮  ப.    ப
         .

     -d Directories (⠫).   ᯥ䨪樨 䠩, 㪠-
             ப,   GREP    䠩,  
        㤮⢮ ᯥ䨪樨,    㪠 ⠫, ⠪  
        ⠫   ⠫.  ᫨   ᯥ䨪
        䠩  㪠 ,  GREP 㤥 ࠧ㬥 䠩 ⥪-
        饣 ⠫.

     -i Ignore case (஢ ࠧ  㪢).   GREP    ࠧ砥
        訥  쪨 㪢,   묨. GREP ⠥
         㪢 a..z 묨 㪢 A..Z   .

     -l List match files (⨭ 䠩  ᮢﬨ).   
        ⮫쪮  䠩,    ᮢ.  ⮫쪮 GREP -
        室 ᮢ,  ⠥  䠩  稭    
        ᫥饬 䠩.

     -n Numbers ().    ப ⠥  㪠-
          ப.

     -o UNIX output  format  (室  ଠ ⥬ UNIX). 
        室 ଠ  ப  ଠ ⥬ UNIX. 
        室 ப ।  䠩,   ᮤন  
        ப.

     -r Regular expression   search   (  ॣ୮  ࠦ).
        ,   "᪮_ப", ਭ  ॣ-
        ୮ ࠦ,   ப ᨬ.

     -u Update options  (樨 ). GREP  樨, -
           ப,  ﬨ, 묨   㬮砭,
         뢠  祭  䠩 GREP.COM   祭 
        㬮砭.  ( , GREP  ᠬ䨣㥬.)
            ⠭ ᢮ 祭  㬮砭.

     -v Non-match (ᮢ).   ⮫쪮 ப,  ᮤ-
        騥 ᪮ ப.

     -w Word search ( ᫮).  ⥪, ᮢ騩   -
          ࠦ,  㤥 ᬠਢ  ⢨⥫쭮
        ᮢ騩 ⮫쪮  ⮬ 砥, ᫨ ।    ᫥  
        ᯮ  ᨬ,        ᫮. 
        㬮砭 ⠭ ᨬ ᫮ 砥 A-Z, 9-0    ᨬ
          ન  (_).  ⥫쭠  ଠ ⮩ 樨
          ᯥ஢  ⠭  ᨬ  ᫮.  
           -w[set],  set - ᠭ ⠭  -
        ⨬ ॣ୮ ࠦ. ᫨  ⠭  ᯮ
        ᨬ 䠢, ⮬᪨ 㤥 ,  ⠭
        ᮤন    訥   쪨 ᨬ, ᨬ  ⮣,
          ࠭  ⠭,  ᫨  ந  
        ࠧ祭  ࠧ  ᨬ. ᫨  -w ᯮ ᮢ-
        ⭮  樥 -u,  ⠭ ᨬ 㤥 ࠭ 
        ᯮ짮  㬮砭.

     -z Verbose (७ ଠ).  GREP  ⠥    
        䠩,     .   ப ।-
          ஬. ⠥ 稪  ப  -
         䠩 (᫨   ࠢ ).



               冷 ᯮ
               --------------------

          ,    権 GREP  箬, ﭨ
     ண  । ᫥ ४祭.   -
       ६    祭   몫祭.  
          ப ਢ    -
     ﭨ. ਬ,    ᫥  ப:

          grep -r -i- -d -i -r- main( my*.c

             ப,  GREP  㤥 ࠡ  ०:
      -d 祭, -i 祭, -r 몫祭.

            ᠬ  ⠭  㬮砭    
         GREP.COM     -u. ਬ, ᫨  ,
     ⮡ GREP ᥣ ⠫   䠩,        
     ( -z 祭),   ⠭  ᫥饩 :

          grep -w -z



               ᪮ ப
     ----------------------------------------------------------------

          ন ᪮ ப । 蠡,   -
     ண GREP 㤥 ⢫ . ᪮ ப   -
      ॣ ࠦ,  ப ᨬ.  ॣ୮ -
     ࠦ  ᨬ  ᯥ樠 :  ,
     ࠢ騥  ᪮.    ப  ᨬ  ஢, 
     ᨬ ਭ  ᨬ.

              ᪮ ப   窨, ⮡
     ஡   ⠡樨  ࠪ⮢  ࠭⥫. 
     ᮢ   室  ࠭ ப (..  ந-
        ப).

          ࠦ ⮨   ᨬ    ᫥⥫쭮
     ᨬ, 祭   ᪮. ꥤ ॣ
     ࠦ  ॣ ࠦ.



                 ॣ ࠦ
               ---------------------------------

            ᯮ  -r, ᪮ ப ਭ
      ॣ୮ ࠦ ( ப ᨬ)  ᫥騥 ᨬ
      ᯥ樠 :

     ^  뢠,  砫 ࠦ  ᮮ⢥⢮  砫
        ப.

     $    㪠뢠,   ࠦ   ᮮ⢥-
          ப.

     .  窠 砥  ᨬ.

     *  窠, ᫥    ࠦ,     
        ⠪ ࠦ. ਬ, ࠦ fo*  ᮮ⢥⢮
        f, fo, foo  .. (  f ᫥    ᨬ ""),
          ᮮ⢥ fa.

     +  ࠦ,   ᫥ , ᮮ⢥    
         宦 ⮣ ࠦ:  fo+ ࠧ㬥 fo,  foo 
        ..,   f.

     [] ப,  祭   ᪮,  ᮮ⢥ 
        ᨬ  ⮩ ப,   㣨. ᫨  ᨬ-
         ப  㪠⥫ (^),   ࠦ ࠧ㬥
         ᨬ,  ஬ ,   室  ப. ਬ,
        [xyz] ࠧ㬥 x,  y  z,  [^xyz] ࠧ㬥  
        ᨬ: a,  b, ...,   x, y  z.    -
         ᨬ    ᨬ, ࠧ ᮬ (-),
         ⠪ ࠧ ନ஢ ࠦ  ([a-bd-z?] ࠧ㬥-
             쪨 㪢,  ஬ c).

     \   ᫥  㪠뢠 GREP ᪠ ᨬ,    ᫥
         . ਬ, \.     ᨬ.

          砭.  ᠭ  ᨬ ($ . * +)   
     ᯥ樠쭮  祭,  ᫨ 室   ᪮.
     쪮 ᨬ ^ ਭ  ᯥ樠, ᫨ ⮨  ࠧ
     ᫥ 뢠饩 ⭮ ᪮ ([).

           ᨬ,   㯮  ।饬 ᯨ᪥, ਭ-
        ᨬ.



               䨪 䠩
     ----------------------------------------------------------------

          ⨩   ப GREP -  ᯥ䨪 䠩-
     .   ᮮ頥 GREP,  䠩 ( 㯯 䠩) 㦭 -
     ਢ. 䨪樥 䠩   筮    饭
       䠩, 饥 ⠭  DOS ᨬ ?  *.  
     ⠪    (..  ன⢠  ⠫)  
       ᯥ䨪樨  䠩.  ᫨    , GREP 
     ⮫쪮  ⥪饬 ⠫.

          ᫨   㪠뢠   ᯥ䨪樨  䠩,  室
       GREP   ᯥ஢ ७祭 stdin
        .



               ਬ  ﬨ
     ----------------------------------------------------------------

          騥 ਬ ࠧ㬥,    GREP ⠭-
       㬮砭   "몫祭".


     ਬ 1.
     ---------
         ப:   grep main( *.c

        室 ப:    main()
                            mymain(

         室:        mymainfunc()
                            MAIN(i: integer);

          䠩:     *.C  ⥪饬 ⠫.

          砭.  㬮砭 訥  쪨 㪢 ࠧ-
     .


     ਬ 2.
     ---------
         ப:   grep -r [^a-z]main\ *( *.c

        室 ப:    main(i:integer)
                            main(i,j:integer)
                            if (main () ) halt;

         室:        mymain()
                            MAIN(i:integer);

          䠩:     *.C  ⥪饬 ⠫.

          砭. ᪮  ப  㪠뢠 GREP ᪠ ᫮
     main, ஬  । 쪠 㪢 ([^az])   -
          ஡ (\ *),  ⥬  ᪮.

            ஡   ⠡樨 筮 ᬠਢ 
     ࠭⥫   ப,    뤥  ,  ᫨
         ॣ୮ ࠦ.   砥 ஡
     ᫥  main 뤥   ⭮ ᫥.   ⠪
     ᤥ , ⨢ ஡  窨 ([^a-z]main" "*).


     ਬ 3.
     ---------
         ப:   grep -ri [a-c]:\\data\.fil *.c *.inc

        室 ப:    A:\data.fil
                            c:\Data.Fil
                            B:\DATA.FIL

         室:        d:\data.fil
                            a:data.fil

          䠩:     *.C  *.INC  ⥪饬 ⠫.

          砭.  ᫥  窠 (\  .) 筮  ᯥ-
      , ⮬, ᫨   ᯮ짮   ᪠,
       뤥  ⥬ ࠧ饭 ⭮ ᫥ ।-
     ⢥ । .


     ਬ 4.
     ---------
         ப:   grep -ri [^a-z]word[^a-z] *.doc

        室 ப:    every new word must be.
                            MY WORD!
                            word--smallest unit of speech.
                            There was the WORD, and the WORD

         室:        Each file has at least 2000 words.
                            He misspells toward as toword.

          䠩:     *.DOC   ⥪饬 ⠫.

          砭.  ଠ 뢠 ᭮ ᯮᮡ 宦
     ⤥쭮 ᫮.


     ਬ 5.
     ---------
         ப:   grep -iw word *.doc

        室 ப:    every new word must be  However,
                            MY WORD!
                            word--smallest unit of speech.
                            There was the WORD, and the WORD

         室:        Each file has at least 2000 words.
                            He misspells "toward" as "toword".

          䠩:     *.DOC   ⥪饬 ⠫.

          砭.  ଠ 뢠 ᭮ ᯮᮡ 宦
     "᫮".


     ਬ 6.
     ---------
         ப:   grep "search with spaces" *.doc
                            *.asm a:\work\myfile.*

        室 ப:    This is a search with spaces in it.

         室:        This is a search with many spaces.
                            THIS IS A SEARCH WITH SPACES IN IT.

          䠩:     *.DOC, *.ASM  ⥪饬 ⠫, 
                            MYFILE.*  ⠫ \WORK ன⢠ A:.

          砭.  ਬ 뢠  ᪠ ப  ஡-
       .


     ਬ 7.
     ---------
         ப:   grep -rd "[ ,.:?'\"]"$ \*.doc

        室 ப:    He said hi to me.
                            Where are you going?
                            Happening in anticipation of a unique si-
                            tuation,
                            Examples include the following:
                            "Many men smoke, but fu man chu."

         室:        He said "Hi" to me
                            Where? I'm headed to the beach this

          䠩:     *.DOC  ୥ ⠫    
                            ⠫.

          砭.  ਬ ।뢠  ᨬ , . : ? '
     "   ப. ⬥⨬,    窠      ᪮
     ।    ᫥,  ⮬    
     ᨬ,    窨,  뢠騥  ப.  ᬮ,  
      ($) 㪠뢠   ⬥祭 ப.  - -
       ⮣,   ॣ୮ ࠦ  ⭮ 
     ਢ .


     ਬ 8.
     ---------
         ப:   grep -ild " the " \*.doc
                             grep -i -l -d " the " \*.doc
                             grep -il -d " the " \*.doc

        室 ப:    Anyway,  this is the time we have do you
                            think? The main reason we are

         室:        He said "Hi" to me just when I
                            Where are you going? I'll bet you're
                            headed to

          䠩:     *.DOC  ୥ ⠫   
                            ⠫  ⥪饬 ன⢥.

          砭.  ਬ  ࠧ砥 ࠧ 㪢    ⠥
       䠩,   ᮤঠ    宦 ᪮-
      ப.    ⠪  ਠ   ᪮쪨
     権.


     ਬ 9.
     ---------
         ப:   grep -w[=] = *.C

        室 ப:    i = 5;
                            j=5;
                            i += j;

         室:        if (i == t) j++;
                            /* ================================= */

          䠩:     *.C  ⥪饬 ⠫.

          砭.  ਬ ८। ⠭ ᨬ 
     ᫮ ⮫쪮   ࠢ⢠ (=),  ⥬ ⢫ .
