
                                2
                          ------------

                           
     -----------------------------------------------------------------

           㦥  ⠭  襩 ⥬ ࡮   -
       ணࠬ஢.  ᭠砫  室 㧭 ᪮쪮
     ᭮, ⠪  :   ࡮ , ᯮ짮 ⥪⮢ -
       ᮧ  䨪樨  ணࠬ,  樨  
     ᪠   믮.

           ᮧ  ணࠬ      ᯮ짮  
     ⥪⮢ । ASCII.  ⥬ ᯮ  
     ப ( ᨨ ࡮ )  樨  ᫥饣 -
       믮 ணࠬ   ப DOS.   , ⠪
         㤮,    ᯮ짮 -
     ⥣஢ । ࡮  (TC ᨨ ࡮ ),  ।⠢-
       ।,  ⥬  ,  ⥣஢ ⫠-
     稪,  ।⢠  ஥ ஥⮢,  ஢
      ᪠ ணࠬ ।⢥  । ࡮ .


                ⮩  ...
     -----------------------------------------------------------------

            稬 ᪮쪨 ᭮,  室  -
     짮  ࡮  , - 㧪 ⥣஢ । ࡮ 
     (TC),  㧪 ணࠬ ࡮ ,   ⠪ 樨   
     ணࠬ  ᯮ.

              ࠧ ஢ ணࠬ, -
      । ࡮ .

           祭     ᮧ  ᮢ襭  
     ணࠬ  ࠭   䠩 । 樥  ᪮.



         HELLO.C:     믮 ⮩ pp
     -----------------------------------------------------------------

          । ⥬,    㯨    ᠭ   ᮡ⢥
     ணࠬ  ࡮ , ।  ᯮ짮 ⥣஢
     । ࡮   ணࠬ,  㦥 .

           ⠫,    ஬   ᠫ ਬ ணࠬ,  
     䠩   HELLO.C,  ᮤঠ騩  室    祭  ⮩
     ணࠬ.   ࠡ   㤥 த஢  蠣
      ᮧ   ⮩ ࡮  ணࠬ.


           1 : 㧪 
          -------------------

          ᫨   ⠫樨  ࡮     짮 ணࠬ
     INSTALL, ⮣  㦥  室  ᭮ ⠫ ࡮
     .  ३   ⠫,  㧨 ,  ࠢ  
     ப 樮 ⥬ TC,    .

          ਬ砭. ᫨     ᮧ ணࠬ  ⠫,
     ⫨筮  ⮣,  ᮤন ࡮ ,   ᮮ DOS
      室  ணࠬ :

          - । ⠫  ࡮ , ᯮ  DOS PATH;

          -     DOS  3.X      ⠫
     ࡮    ப. ਬ :\TURBOC\TC.


           2 : 롮 ࠡ祣 ⠫
          -------------------------------

          ᫨  ⥪騩 ⠫ ᮤন HELLO.C,   ய-
        蠣.  롥 ன⢮  ⠫,   ᮤঠ
     HELLO.C.  ⮣ 롥  FILE  ( F10, ⥬ F
      ࠧ Alt-F).  롥 Change Dir (ᯮ  -
     樮஢ ᢥ⮢ ,   ⥬  ,   ࠧ
     ).    ࠬ  ⠫,    ⠫,
      ᮤন HELLO.C,  ⥬  .  ⠫ -
      ⥪騬.

          ਬ砭.     ࠬ-⠫  뢠 
     ⥪饣 ⠫.   ।⢮   ᯮ짮  
     । ⠫,  饣 ⥪騬   . 
     ࠧ,  ᫨    ⭮   ⥪饣
     ⠫,   Esc.


           3 : ⠭ pp p祣 p㦥
          -----------------------------------------------

          ᫨   ᯮ짮 pp INSTALL  ⠭ 
     p   襩 ⥬,   p祥 p㦥 㦥    
     ⠭.  类 砥,    p  ⮬ p-
       pp, p쭮  ⠭ pp p.

           ⠭    襣  p祣  p㦥  
      F10,  ⥬  O (  Alt-O), ᫥ 祣 
       ᭮     Options.     室    
     Directories 롥p ᮮ⢥  .   -
       㭪  ⮣ :   Include  Directories    Library
     Directories.

          롥p Include Directories, ⥬   p⢠
      ⠫,  p ᮤp 䠩 p    pp  .h,
     p  ⠫ 窮  ⮩. ⨬ ⠫ -
      :  C:\TURBOC\INCLUDE  C:\TURBOC\INCLUDE\SYS;    ⮬
     砥 室 :

          C:\TURBOC\INCLUDE;C:\TURBOC\INCLUDE\SYS

      ⥬   .

          ᫥ ⮣   롥p   Library  Directories,    
     p⢠  ⠫,  p ᮤp  䠩 (⨬
     ⠫   C:\TURBOC\LIB).  祭  -
     , p   p 窮  ⮩.

          p砭:     ⮬        ,     ࠢ     
     Options/Directories/Output Directory,   ⠭ 室-
       ⠫,        뢠  ⪮p
     pp. ᫨   p 室 ⠫,    室
     䠩 ᫥ 樨    p  ⮬  -
     ,    ⥪饬,  ࠭.  襬 pp ⠭ 室-
      ⠫   室.

            p     ⠭  筮  
     ᮧ pp, ᠭ  .

          p pp 䨣p樨   p  䠩
     䨣p樨, p ⮬᪨ p㦠 p  ᪥  .
      p   Options   Esc. ⥬,  -
      ⥪ pp  䠩 䨣p樨,  롥p  㭪  Save
     Options.   䠩 (TCCONFIG.TC) 㤥 ᠭ  ⥪騩 -
     .

          p砭: p ᪥, TC  䠩 TCCONFIG.TC  p㦠-
      ,  ᫨  . p    㪠 p㣮
      䠩 䨣p樨,  ࠢ      .  
     p,  p  p⭮ pp,    㬮-
     砭 䠩 䨣p樨  ⮬   ⠫,    室  ᠬ
     pp,  ᪠ p   ⮣  ⠫. , -
      䠩 䨣p樨    ⥪饬 ⠫, p  p-
     p  ⠪  ⠫  TURBO.      䠩
     䨣p樨 饣 祭  ⠫ TURBO,  ⠫ 䠩-
      䨣p樨  ⠭ 楫 祭 -  ⠫ 
     室묨 䠩.


           4: p㧪 室 䠩  pp
          ------------------------------------------

          p㧨 HELLO.C.    ⮣ 롥p  Load  
     File    F3 (  p  pp  
     p㧪 䠩).  ࠬ, ᮤp 蠡

          *.C.

           Hello (pp .C 㪠뢠 易⥫쭮)  -
      .

          p砭: ᫨   㢥p   䠩, p -
      p㧨,   ᬮp ᯨ᮪  室 䠩
      ⥪饬 ⠫,     ,   -
      䠩.     p祭  室 䠩   
     ⠫.    롮p  䠩  ᯮ    p饭
     pp, p ࠬ-pp   室 䠩. ⥬
      .

           HELLO.C ⮡p   pp.   룫廊 ᫥-
     騬 p :

          /* HELLO.C -- HELLO, world*/
          # include <stdio.h>
          main( )

          {
              printf ("Hello,world\n");
          }

          p砭:     p㧪 ,  室
     䠩  䠩 䨣p樨   p,   -
      믮  蠣 2,  3  4.  ⥣pp p ᪠
      p㬥   p, p  ᫥饥: 
     室 䠩,  p   p㦥  pp  
     /C   p⢥ ᫥騬    䠩 䨣p樨,
     p   p㧨   室 䠩.    p-
       ᫥   ᫥⥫쭮.   p,

          tc hello /cmyconfig

      HELLO.C    pp    p㧨    䠩  䨣p樨
     MYCONFIG.TC  (,      p  樥
     /C   䠩,  ⠪,   㬮砭  室 䠩,
     p 㤥 p㦥  pp,  p pp .C,  
      䠩 䨣p樨 - .TC).


           5:  믮塞 䠩
          ----------------------------------

          p ᮧ pp  ᭠砫 p 室 䠩
      ꥪ 䠩 (䠩  設   pp .OBJ).  -
     ⥬  뫠 ꥪ 䠩    ,   ⮡    
     pp   믮塞 䠩  pp .EXE.  騪
     p   ꥪ 䠩 室 pp    ⠭-
     p  䠩 (  ᮮ p    -
        䠩).

           ⮬ p⮬ 砥 -  ⢥ pp,  
     ᮧ   ᪠ pp  믮  ᮧ 䠩
     p ( p  䠩-p ᬮp   3).

             p㣨 .        ᮧ
     pp -    F10,  ⥬ "C", ⮡   
     Compile (  Alt-C).  ⥬ p 㭪  Make  EXE  File
     (  F9 - ""   ᮧ .EXE 䠩).  -
     ,    Compile ᮮ頥   ꥪ⭮ (.OBJ) 䠩-
     , p 㤥 ⪮p  䠩 .EXE.

           p   樨.  ᫨  p ᯥ-
     ,   樨  騩 pᯠp Press any key
     (  ).

          p砭:  砥 訡  襩 pp  㢨 -
     饭  訡  pp   ᮮ饭    
      p.  ᫨  ,  㡥,    pp
     룫廊  ⠪,   뫮 ᠭ , ⥬ ⪮p
      ᭮.


           6:  pp  믮
          -------------------------------------

            窥  㦥   믮塞 pp.

           ᪠ pp 롥p 㭪 Run      Run  
       Ctrl-F9, p  蠬 p -
     ⥫⢠  ᪠ pp.

           稫?     p,  ⥬  p-
        p  ᭮ .   pᬮp  p ᮮ饭
     pp, 롥p Run\User Screen   Alt-F5.  맮-
       p 짮⥫,  p  뢮 ᮮ-
     .

          짮⥫᪨ p  ᮤp ᮮ饭.

          llo, world

          ᫥ ⮣,     pp ᮮ饭 pp,  
        p  p .



                 ᮢp訫?
     -----------------------------------------------------------------

          멤   p  ,  p  Quit   File 
      Alt-X.

          ᬮp    ᮧ.  室    DOS,    dir
     hello.*     .    ᯨ᮪ 䠩,  -
     p 룫廊  p :

          HELLO      C     104    5-11-88     2:57p
          HELLO    OBJ     459    5-11-88     3:01p
          HELLO    EXE    8884    5-11-88     3:01p

          p 䠩  (HELLO.C)     室  ⥪⮬   襩
     pp.   맢   p,  室  DOS, 
      type hello.c.     ,  HELLO.C   祭
     让 -  ᥣ 104 .

          p 䠩  (HELLO.OBJ)   ꥪ 䠩.   -
     p  設 p樨 (ꥪ ),  祭
        p p .  ᫨ ,  ᯮ  DOS
     TYPE, 뢥  䠩  p,      p-
     .

          ᫥ 䠩  (HELLO.EXE)     p㧮 㫥,
     ᤥ 騪 p .  ᮤp  ⮫쪮  䠩
     HELLO.OBJ,     室 pp (⠪  printf),
     p 騪 ⨫    筮 䠩.   
     ᪠   믮塞  䠩   DOS  室 
        pp .EXE.

           ᪠ HELLO.EXE  DOS  hello   
     .    p    ᮮ饭  Hello world  ⥬ ᭮
     p襭  DOS.



               Pp 襩 pp
     -----------------------------------------------------------------

          p樮,   p   pp,  ᠭ  ,
     뢮 ᮮ饭 Hello world    室      Kernighan,
     Ritchie  "The  C  Programming  Language"  (" ppp
     ").      pp  HELLO.C    ᤥ  쭮
     p.

          p,     ᢮  ⥣pp p
     p , p ppp ᠬ.     -
     䨪樨 pp HELLO.C. ⮡ ᤥ ,   
     ᯮ짮 pp . ᫨    p㫨  p  
     室  DOS,    tc hello.  ᭮  
     ,   pp 㦥 㤥 p㦥.

          p   pp,         
     p  .

          ,  騩 pp 室  p孥  㣫
     p.   p    pp  
      p pp.   ⥪ p pp 
     室   p ⥪.       㤠  p
     ⥪,  Ctrl-Y,  ⠪ ⠢ p,  Ctrl-N. -
     ,   p⠥  p Insert (᫮ Insert  -
     室   p  ⠭ p  pp; ᫨ 
     ,   Ins   ). ( -
       p樨  ᯮ짮 pp  ᬮp -
      5.   p㪮⢠,   ⠪  p      "Turbo  C
     Reference Guide".)

               pp    pp ᫥騬
     p:

          #include <stdio.h>

          main( )
          {
           char name [150];

           printf ("what's your name?\n");
           scanf ("%S",name);
           printf ("Hello,%S\n",name);
          }

             p p  HELLO.C.  p p (char name
     [150];)  p   name,  p  -
       150 ᨬ (㪢, p,  㭪樨  .. 
     150 뢠 ⢮ ppp ᨬ). p -
        p 뢠 㭪 printf  뢮 ᮮ-
      "what's your name?".  p   p  뢠  㭪
     scanf  ⥭   p name.

            ᪠ 襩 pp  Ctrl-F9. ,
      p  㧭,     p  室  ⥪,   
     pp pp p  믮.

            p,   pp 㤥 믮, p
      :   짮⥫᪨ p   ᮮ饭  "what's
     your name?"   pp 㤥   ᫥饩 p.  
          .  Alt-F5.  짮⥫-
     ᪮ p 㤥 뢥 Hello,< >. ,  -
      ⮫쪮 p ᫮ 襣 ,  p  ;  ⮬
       㧭      6.   ⥯p   ,  ⮡
     p  p .


               ᫨  ⨫ 訡
     -----------------------------------------------------------------

           p  ᠭ  pp   ᪠ 訡 
      p०.  Error  訡  襩 pp-
     , p pp頥 p p     -
      . Warning -  ᮮ饭, p 㪠뢠  -
       p. 訡  p०  
      ᮮ饭 p p .   p 訡 
     p०. p  pp  p B "ࠢ筮
     㪮⢠  ࡮ ".



               뢮  pp
     -----------------------------------------------------------------

            㬥,   p  ᮮ饭  襩  pp
     HELLO.EXE ᫠  pp  p.    ,  
      ᤥ,          ⠫,  
     p  ; ᥩ  ⮣  祭  -
     筮.

          p㧨 HELLO.C  pp  p,    
     :

          #include <stdio.h>

          main( )
          {
           fprintf(stdprn,"Hello, world\n");
          }

            ⮬,    pp 室  ﭨ  -
     ⮢, ⥬ ⪮p ᢮ pp ⥬  p, 
      p - ⨥ Ctrl-F9.   襬 pp   
     ᮮ饭 "Hello, world".

          ,       p  ᯮ짮  㭪 fprintf
      printf.  p 쭥 ᯥp  p   p-
       "ࠢ筮 㪮  ࡮ "  㧭    
      .


               ᠭ 襩 p -pp
     ----------------------------------------------------------------

          p  ᪮쪮 p㥬  pp  HELLO.C  
     p    䠩.    室  pp,  
     ᫨   室  ,  p 室  Alt-E 
     F10  p室   ,  ⥬ - "E"  롥p 㭪
     Edit. p   pp ᫥騬 p:

          #include <stdio.h>

          main( )
          {
           int a,b,sum;

           printf("Enter two numbers: ");
           scanf("%d %d, &a, &b);
           sum = a + b;
           printf("The sum is %d\n",sum);
          }

           믮    pp.

           :

          -  p,  p name  p  p
            p㣨 p (a, b, sum -  楫᫥);

          -  ᮮ饭  pp printf;

          -   p  p    ᯨ᮪ p  pp
            scanf;

          -  p sum=a+b;

          -  p p   ᯨ᮪  p㬥⮢    ᫥
            printf.

           ᪠  %, &,  \ ;  祭 㤥 ᭥
       6.



                 
     -----------------------------------------------------------------

          p     F2. ᫨   ᤥ, 
     pp 㤥 ᠭ  䠩 HELLO.C ( ᮡp p
       p㣨 ).

            Alt-F  室   File.    W  
     롮p  Write To.  p  p    
       pp;   sum.c   .   p
     pp      ᪥  䠩 SUM.C.



                SUM.C  ᯮ
     -----------------------------------------------------------------

           Ctrl-F9. p  ⪮p  pp. ᫨
      - 訡,  p  pp  㡥,
      ,    ⠫,  ᮮ⢥ ⥪, p 
     pp.

           砥 ⢨ 訡,  p  ᪮   ࠢ
       믮  pp.   짮⥫᪨ p 
     ᮮ饭:

          Enter two numbers:

          pp 㤥 ,       ᫠, p-
         p,   ⨥ .  ᫥  p
     ᫠   . pp 뢥  짮⥫᪨
     p 㬬,   ᥫ; 롥p Run/User screen ( -
      Alt-F5)  ⮣,  ⮡ ᬮp p.  
       p  p .

          p塞!  ᠫ  ᮢp襭 p -pp,
     ᯮ ᪮쪮 ᭮ ⮢ ppp.  㤨-
     ,    ?   㧭  , p⠢ 
     6,  ⥬ p   7.
